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This is a prospective randomized crossover trial. Patients will be randomized to the FMD or regular diet during three rounds of chemotherapy. After the third round, patients will cross over to the opposite arm. The primary hypothesis is that there will be fewer cases of Grade 2-4 nausea when patients are in the FMD sequence. The primary objective is to assess differences in toxicities in patients undergoing chemotherapy with a combination of taxol/carboplatin when using a fasting mimicking diet when compared to normal diet before and after treatment.
Randomization and blinding:
Subjects will be allocated to sequence 1 (normal diet first, FMD second) or sequence 2 (FMD first, normal diet second) using a computer generated randomization scheme. There will be no blinding
Intervention:
Over the course of three rounds of chemotherapy, patients in the FMD will consume a diet that consists of 10 cal/kg/day and includes 50% fat, 40% carbohydrates, and no more than 10% protein. The diet includes nuts, olives, vegetable broth, broccoli/cauliflower, white rice/puffed rice cake, onion, tea/coffee, almond milk. The diet prohibits meat products, dairy, alcohol, sugar, and artificial sweeteners. Patients will be instructed to drink 2 cups of water each morning, take their usual medications and limit exercise to walking.
The table below provides the schedule of fasting during the cycle of chemotherapy
(Time during chemotherapy cycle, Diet)
Prior to each chemotherapy cycle and coincident FMD arm, weight, and laboratory testing will be conducted and patients will be asked to keep track of side effects as per usual care for patients undergoing chemotherapy. Patients will be asked to keep a food log and record the quality of their sleep as part of the study.
There will be no restrictions for use of usual standard medications, including anti-nausea medication. This is generally Zofran oral, q8 hours PRN. Anti-nausea medication usage will be recorded in the study database. Although it is expected to be consistent throughout the diet and control periods for each subject, dosage and frequency will be recorded throughout the study, and it will be noted if anti-nausea medication is effective during the control period for each subject.
Endpoint evaluation:
Severity of AEs will be assessed using the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 5.0 for toxicity and adverse event reporting. A copy of the CTCAE Version 3.0 can be downloaded from https://www.eortc.be/services/doc/ctc/CTCAE\_4.03\_2010-06-14\_QuickReference\_5x7.pdf.
AEs not corresponding to the CTCAE term will be assessed according to their impact on the subject's ability to perform daily activities as follows:
Mild (grade 1) - the AE does not interfere in a significant manner with the subject's normal functioning level. It may be an annoyance.
Estimated study duration:
Patient participation is approximately 16 weeks.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| FMD (fasting-mimicking diet) | Active Comparator | Over the course of three rounds of chemotherapy, patients in the FMD will consume a diet that consists of 10 cal/kg/day and includes 50% fat, 40% carbohydrates, and no more than 10% protein. The diet includes nuts, olives, vegetable broth, broccoli/cauliflower, white rice/puffed rice cake, onion, tea/coffee, almond milk. The diet prohibits meat products, dairy, alcohol, sugar, and artificial sweeteners. Patients will be instructed to drink 2 cups of water each morning, take their usual medications and limit exercise to walking. |
|
| regular diet | No Intervention | Diet not influenced by a fast-mimicking diet. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FMD | Dietary Supplement | fasting mimicking diet |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Nausea Grade | Grade 2-4 nausea when patients are in the FMD sequence versus the non-fasting sequence | 16 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| FMD Tolerability as measured by adverse events | Severity of AEs will be assessed using the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) Version 5.0 for toxicity and adverse event reporting. AEs not corresponding to the CTCAE term will be assessed according to their impact on the subject's ability to perform daily activities as follows:
|
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Stacy D'Andre, MD | Sutter Health | Principal Investigator |
| Carol Parise, PhD | Sutter Health | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sutter Cancer Center | Sacramento | California | 95816 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 27314084 | Background | Di Biase S, Longo VD. Fasting-induced differential stress sensitization in cancer treatment. Mol Cell Oncol. 2015 Dec 10;3(3):e1117701. doi: 10.1080/23723556.2015.1117701. eCollection 2016 May. | |
| 24606898 | Background | Levine ME, Suarez JA, Brandhorst S, Balasubramanian P, Cheng CW, Madia F, Fontana L, Mirisola MG, Guevara-Aguirre J, Wan J, Passarino G, Kennedy BK, Wei M, Cohen P, Crimmins EM, Longo VD. Low protein intake is associated with a major reduction in IGF-1, cancer, and overall mortality in the 65 and younger but not older population. Cell Metab. 2014 Mar 4;19(3):407-17. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.02.006. |
| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| Dhand NK, Khatkar MS. Statulator: An online statistical calculator. Sample Size Calculator for Comparing Two Paired Proportions. 2014;Accessed 30 March 2018 | View source |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005215 | Fasting |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005247 | Feeding Behavior |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| 16 weeks |
| FMD Tolerability as measured by QOL Questionnaire | Mean differences in QOL between patients during the FMD versus normal diet sequence will be measured using a repeated measures analysis of variance. QOL questionnaire used will be the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire. | 16 weeks |
| Incidence of neutropenia | Differences in neutropenia between patients during the FMD versus normal diet sequence | 16 weeks |
| 22323820 | Background | Lee C, Raffaghello L, Brandhorst S, Safdie FM, Bianchi G, Martin-Montalvo A, Pistoia V, Wei M, Hwang S, Merlino A, Emionite L, de Cabo R, Longo VD. Fasting cycles retard growth of tumors and sensitize a range of cancer cell types to chemotherapy. Sci Transl Med. 2012 Mar 7;4(124):124ra27. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3003293. Epub 2012 Feb 8. |
| 25072352 | Background | Mendelsohn AR, Larrick JW. Prolonged fasting/refeeding promotes hematopoietic stem cell regeneration and rejuvenation. Rejuvenation Res. 2014 Aug;17(4):385-9. doi: 10.1089/rej.2014.1595. |
| 22984531 | Background | Safdie F, Brandhorst S, Wei M, Wang W, Lee C, Hwang S, Conti PS, Chen TC, Longo VD. Fasting enhances the response of glioma to chemo- and radiotherapy. PLoS One. 2012;7(9):e44603. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044603. Epub 2012 Sep 11. |
| 21088487 | Background | Raffaghello L, Safdie F, Bianchi G, Dorff T, Fontana L, Longo VD. Fasting and differential chemotherapy protection in patients. Cell Cycle. 2010 Nov 15;9(22):4474-6. doi: 10.4161/cc.9.22.13954. Epub 2010 Nov 15. |
| 27557543 | Background | Brandhorst S, Longo VD. Fasting and Caloric Restriction in Cancer Prevention and Treatment. Recent Results Cancer Res. 2016;207:241-66. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-42118-6_12. |
| 28202779 | Background | Wei M, Brandhorst S, Shelehchi M, Mirzaei H, Cheng CW, Budniak J, Groshen S, Mack WJ, Guen E, Di Biase S, Cohen P, Morgan TE, Dorff T, Hong K, Michalsen A, Laviano A, Longo VD. Fasting-mimicking diet and markers/risk factors for aging, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. Sci Transl Med. 2017 Feb 15;9(377):eaai8700. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aai8700. |
| 26438237 | Background | de Groot S, Vreeswijk MP, Welters MJ, Gravesteijn G, Boei JJ, Jochems A, Houtsma D, Putter H, van der Hoeven JJ, Nortier JW, Pijl H, Kroep JR. The effects of short-term fasting on tolerance to (neo) adjuvant chemotherapy in HER2-negative breast cancer patients: a randomized pilot study. BMC Cancer. 2015 Oct 5;15:652. doi: 10.1186/s12885-015-1663-5. |
| 15547181 | Background | Vasey PA, Jayson GC, Gordon A, Gabra H, Coleman R, Atkinson R, Parkin D, Paul J, Hay A, Kaye SB; Scottish Gynaecological Cancer Trials Group. Phase III randomized trial of docetaxel-carboplatin versus paclitaxel-carboplatin as first-line chemotherapy for ovarian carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2004 Nov 17;96(22):1682-91. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djh323. |