This study is examining the effectiveness of Al-Anon Intensive Referral (AIR) with Concerned Others (COs) of individuals in treatment for alcohol use disorders ("drinkers"). AIR's goal is to facilitate Al-Anon participation and positive outcomes among COs.

In a randomized controlled trial, this 4-year project is evaluating AIR's effectiveness for COs. COs and their drinkers are assessed at baseline and 3-month, 6-month, and 1-year follow-ups. Hypotheses are that, compared to usual care, AIR will increase Al-Anon participation and improve CO outcomes. We will examine hypotheses using generalized mixed-effects regression models (GLMM). This project is built on the foundation that it is essential to help COs because of their own suffering.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. the drinker is an adult (≥19 years old) entering a treatment episode for the primary substance of alcohol;
2. the drinker signs a release for researchers to contact a CO (also an adult) he or she identifies as a family member or close friend who has had contact with the drinker on at least 12 (40%) of the past 30 days; and
3. the drinker and CO can communicate in English. -

Exclusion Criteria:

1. the drinker is <19 years old, not entering a treatment episode for alcohol use disorder;
2. the drinker does not sign a release for researchers to contact a CO;
3. the drinker and CO cannot communicate in English. -