This study aims to determine the sensitivity, specificity, and practical value of two new molecular diagnostic assays compared to a more classical nested molecular diagnostic assay and the routine microscopy (both of which are the current gold standard) in detection of P. knowlesi.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Suspected for malaria infection; fever (axillary or tympanic temperature ≥ 37.5 °C or oral or rectal temperature of ≥ 38 °C) with chills, worsening malaise, headache lassitude, fatigue, abdominal discomfort, muscle and joint aches, anorexia, perspiration, or vomiting at the time of evaluation or within the past 48 hours
• Written informed consent is obtained.
• For Children (>7 to <18 years): parent or legal guardian provides written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients living in, or returning from malaria endemic area outside of Sarawak within 2 weeks of illness onset
• They have a clear alternative diagnosis other than malaria by a trained health care professional.

Both adults and children > 7 years old suspected for malaria and meeting inclusion criteria will be eligible to participate. Study subjects will be enrolled at Sarawak Hospitals, both hospitalized and outpatients, using an informed consent process (or assent for children 7-18 years) that permits the completion of a brief questionnaire and collection of a blood sample.

Subjects' anonymity will be maintained and confidentiality of records and documents that could identify subjects will be protected, respecting the privacy and confidentiality rules in accordance with applicable regulatory requirements. Only the site principle investigators will be able to backlink the study data to the patient's medical record.