The linear or nonlinear relationship of pulmonary systolic pressure and cardiovascular and kidney outcome after non-cardiac surgery is unknown. This study is to explore the relationship of the two and try to identify the possible threshold of pulmonary systolic pressure for major cardio-vascular events after non-cardiac surgery.

The linear or nonlinear relationship of pulmonary systolic pressure and cardiovascular and kidney outcome after non-cardiac surgery is unknown. This study is to explore the relationship of the two and try to identify the possible threshold of pulmonary systolic pressure for major cardio-vascular events after non-cardiac surgery.

Patients with preoperative cardio-echogram under going non-cardiac surgery were collected. The postoperative major cardiovascular, cerebral and kidney events were also identified and collected. Other data including peri-operative information and surgeries and anesthesia data were gathered.

Logistic regression models were built and selected. Independent risk factors relative to postoperative major cardiovascular and cerebral events were screened and identified. Odds ratio, relative risk and relative risk ratio of varies dichomitus cut points were calculated, trend breakpoint were identified, propensity score analysis were also done for causal inference.

Inclusion Criteria:

non-cardiac surgery patients with preoperative echocardiography records

Exclusion Criteria:

electronic records missing or peri-operative data missing

non-cardiac surgery adult patients with preoperative echocardiography