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Prospective, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials.
A total of 3486 subjects with ACS who met inclusion criteria and do not have any exclusion criterion will be randomized to IVUS- or Angiography-guidance group (first randomization). In the IVUS-guidance group, IVUS will be used to evaluate the lesion's specificity and to measure lesion length, landing zone, and reference vessel diameter prior-to stenting; and to assess stent expansion, extension, apposition, and possible complications after stent implantation. The IVUS- defined criteria for the optimal stent deployment included: 1) the minimal stent area (MSA) in the stented segment is >5.0 mm^2, or 90% of the MLA at the distal reference segments; 2) plaque burden 5-mm proximal or distal to the stent edge is <55%; and 3) absence of >Type B edge dissection. Further treatment will be required if stenting procedure is defined as suboptimal according to IVUS definition. IVUS will be not allowed to be used in the Angiography-guidance group.
Those patients who have had no death, STEMI, stroke, ST, TVR or major bleeding (BARC 3 or 5) within 30 days and have continued on aspirin and ticagrelor for 30 days without interruption for >48 hours will be randomized 1:1 to:
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| IVUS-guidance | Experimental | In the IVUS-guided DES implantation group, optimal stent deployment criteria included: 1) the MLA in the stented segment is >5.0 mm^2, or 90% of the MLA at the distal reference segments; 2) plaque burden 5-mm proximal or distal to the stent edge is <55%; and 3) absence of >=Type B edge dissection. Further treatment will be required if any of those 3 criteria was not met. |
|
| Angiography-guidance | Active Comparator | In the Angiography-guided DES implantation group, stent diameter and length will be selected by visual estimation with a stent/artery ratio of 1.1:1.0. Post-dilation with a noncompliant balloon (balloon/stent diameter=1.0:1.0) inflated at >18 atm will be performed for all lesions. Angiographic success is defined as Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) grade 3, residual stenosis <20%, and the absence of >Type B dissection. |
|
| SAPT group | Experimental | Ticagrelor + aspirin for 1 month followed by ticagrelor plus matching placebo for an additional 11 months. |
|
| DAPT group | Active Comparator | Ticagrelor + aspirin for 12 month. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AntiPlatelet therapy | Drug | AntiPlatelet therapy with ticagrelor + aspirin or ticagrelor alone. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Target vessel failure (TVF) | The difference in TVF will be calculated from 0 month to 12 months between IVUS- and Angiography guidance groups. | 12 months |
| Clinically-relevant bleeding | The difference in clinically-relevant bleeding (BARC ≥2) will be calculated from 1 month to 12 months between SAPT and DAPT groups. | 11 months |
| Major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) | The difference in MACCE will be calculated from 1 month to 12 months between SAPT and DAPT groups. | 11 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Net adverse clinical events (NACE) | The difference in NACE between IVUS- and Angiography guidance groups, or SAPT and DAPT groups. | 12 months |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Enrollment into the study will require meeting at least one of these clinical syndromes within 1 month.
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Shao-Liang Chen, MD, PhD | Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nanjing First Hospital | Nanjing | Jiangsu | 210006 | China |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 30261237 | Background | Zhang J, Gao X, Kan J, Ge Z, Han L, Lu S, Tian N, Lin S, Lu Q, Wu X, Li Q, Liu Z, Chen Y, Qian X, Wang J, Chai D, Chen C, Li X, Gogas BD, Pan T, Shan S, Ye F, Chen SL. Intravascular Ultrasound Versus Angiography-Guided Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation: The ULTIMATE Trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 Dec 18;72(24):3126-3137. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.09.013. Epub 2018 Sep 24. | |
| 33621541 |
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Patients will undergo 1:1 randomization (first randomization) to either IVUS-guided DES implantation which will be the treatment group or Angio-guided DES implantation which will be the control group based on an online Clinical Research Data Management Platform. The initiation of the trial is defined as the time of randomization. After study subjects' enrollment and randomization, the study intervention will take place immediately. The follow-up visits for the primary TVF endpoint are scheduled at 1, 4, 6, and 12 months after the index procedure.
Patients will undergo 1:1 randomization (second randomization) to either SAPT which will be the treatment group or DAPT which will be the control group based on an online Clinical Research Data Management Platform. The follow-up visits for the primary superiority bleeding endpoint and non-inferiority ischemic endpoint are scheduled at 3, 5, and 11 months after the second randomization.
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|
| Percutaneous coronary intervention | Procedure | PCI with DES implantation |
|
|
| Background |
| Ge Z, Gao XF, Kan J, Kong XQ, Zuo GF, Ye F, Tian NL, Lin S, Liu ZZ, Shao YB, He YQ, Wen SY, Yang Q, Xia Y, Wang ZZ, Xiao PX, Li F, Zeng HS, Yang S, Wang Y, Tao L, Gao DS, Qu H, Qian XS, Han YL, Chen F, Zhang JJ, Chen SL. Comparison of one-month versus twelve-month dual antiplatelet therapy after implantation of drug-eluting stents guided by either intravascular ultrasound or angiography in patients with acute coronary syndrome: rationale and design of prospective, multicenter, randomized, controlled IVUS-ACS and ULTIMATE-DAPT trial. Am Heart J. 2021 Jun;236:49-58. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2021.02.014. Epub 2021 Feb 20. |
| 39466211 | Derived | Gao X, Kan J, Wu Z, Anjum M, Chen X, Chen J, Sheiban I, Mintz GS, Zhang JJ, Stone GW, Chen SL; IVUS-ACS Investigators. IVUS-Guided vs Angiography-Guided PCI in Patients With Diabetes With Acute Coronary Syndromes: The IVUS-ACS Trial. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2025 Feb 10;18(3):283-293. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2024.09.061. Epub 2024 Oct 28. |
| 38604212 | Derived | Li X, Ge Z, Kan J, Anjum M, Xie P, Chen X, Khan HS, Guo X, Saghir T, Chen J, Gill BUA, Guo N, Sheiban I, Raza A, Wei Y, Chen F, Mintz GS, Zhang JJ, Stone GW, Chen SL; IVUS-ACS Investigators. Intravascular ultrasound-guided versus angiography-guided percutaneous coronary intervention in acute coronary syndromes (IVUS-ACS): a two-stage, multicentre, randomised trial. Lancet. 2024 May 11;403(10439):1855-1865. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00282-4. Epub 2024 Apr 8. |
| 38599220 | Derived | Ge Z, Kan J, Gao X, Raza A, Zhang JJ, Mohydin BS, Gao F, Shao Y, Wang Y, Zeng H, Li F, Khan HS, Mengal N, Cong H, Wang M, Chen L, Wei Y, Chen F, Stone GW, Chen SL; ULTIMATE-DAPT investigators. Ticagrelor alone versus ticagrelor plus aspirin from month 1 to month 12 after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ULTIMATE-DAPT): a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind clinical trial. Lancet. 2024 May 11;403(10439):1866-1878. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(24)00473-2. Epub 2024 Apr 7. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003324 | Coronary Artery Disease |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003327 | Coronary Disease |
| D017202 | Myocardial Ischemia |
| D006331 | Heart Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D001161 | Arteriosclerosis |
| D001157 | Arterial Occlusive Diseases |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000077486 | Ticagrelor |
| D001241 | Aspirin |
| D062645 | Percutaneous Coronary Intervention |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000241 | Adenosine |
| D011684 | Purine Nucleosides |
| D011687 | Purines |
| D006574 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring |
| D000072471 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D009705 | Nucleosides |
| D009706 | Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides |
| D012263 | Ribonucleosides |
| D012459 | Salicylates |
| D062385 | Hydroxybenzoates |
| D010636 | Phenols |
| D001555 | Benzene Derivatives |
| D006841 | Hydrocarbons, Aromatic |
| D006844 | Hydrocarbons, Cyclic |
| D006838 | Hydrocarbons |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D057510 | Endovascular Procedures |
| D014656 | Vascular Surgical Procedures |
| D013504 | Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures |
| D013514 | Surgical Procedures, Operative |
| D019060 | Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures |
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