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This study intends to determine the effects of trigger point dry needling in patients with Patellofemoral pain Syndrome.
This is a single blinded randomized controlled trial, will be conducted at District Head Quarter (DHQ) hospital Taunsa Sharif.
Dry needling is a technique used to release myofascial trigger points. this study is planned to determine the effects of dry needling on quadriceps muscle in patients with Patellofemoral pain syndrome. The sample size was calculated to be n=92 through Open Epi tool version 3, with 95 % confidence interval (CI), and power 80%,
After the completion of therapeutic protocols, the participants will be assessed with the help of Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Algometer and Anterior Knee Pain scale along with knee Range of Motion(ROM)
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dry needling | Experimental | The experimental group will receive dry needling over trigger points of Quadriceps muscles along with therapeutic exercises. |
|
| Control | Active Comparator | The control group will only receive standardized therapeutic exercises for Patellofemoral pain syndrome. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dry needling | Other | Hot Pack will be applied on Quadriceps muscles before session for general relaxation for 7-10 minutes. Stretching of quadriceps femoris muscle with 4 repetitions and 15 second hold per session will be performed. Strengthening exercises of 3 sets of 10 RM with progressive loading per session will be performed. Then after wearing gloves and appropriate personal protective measures, a thin filiform needle will be inserted which will penetrate into the skin and stimulate underlying myofascial trigger points. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) | Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) is used to assess pain. It scores ranges from 0-10, 0 means No pain and 10 means Severe pain. Patient will be asked to verbally report the pain score. | Baseline |
| Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) | Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) is used to assess pain. It scores ranges from 0-10, 0 means No pain and 10 means Severe pain. Patient will be asked to verbally report the pain score. | Post 1st week |
| Algometer | Pressure threshold is the minimal pressure (force) which induces pain. The digital algometer is a force gauge with a rubber disc of 1 cm2 surface. It will be placed over trigger point in muscle and pressure pain sensitivity would be measured. | Baseline |
| Algometer | Pressure threshold is the minimal pressure (force) which induces pain. The digital algometer is a force gauge with a rubber disc of 1 cm2 surface. It will be placed over trigger point in muscle and pressure pain sensitivity would be measured. | Post 1st week |
| Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS) | The Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS) - sometimes called the Kujala Scale is a 13-item knee-specific self-report questionnaire. It documents response to six activities (walking, running, jumping, climbing stairs, squatting, and sitting for prolonged periods with knees bent), as well as symptoms such as limp. The maximum score is 100 that indicate good results, if score is 70 then it is moderate, lower scores like 50 or below 50 indicates severity of the disease. | Baseline |
| Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Huma Riaz, PHD* | Riphah International University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| District Health Quarter Taunsa | Dera Ghazi Khan | Punjab Province | 32200 | Pakistan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 19765240 | Background | Boling M, Padua D, Marshall S, Guskiewicz K, Pyne S, Beutler A. Gender differences in the incidence and prevalence of patellofemoral pain syndrome. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2010 Oct;20(5):725-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2009.00996.x. | |
| 20610028 | Background | Collado H, Fredericson M. Patellofemoral pain syndrome. Clin Sports Med. 2010 Jul;29(3):379-98. doi: 10.1016/j.csm.2010.03.012. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D046788 | Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007592 | Joint Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000079245 | Dry Needling |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000529 | Complementary Therapies |
| D013812 | Therapeutics |
| D026741 | Physical Therapy Modalities |
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There will be two treatment groups of participants, One group will receive Dry Needling for releasing trigger points in Quadriceps along with therapeutic exercises whereas other will receive only therapeutic exercises
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This is a single blinded randomized controlled trial in which patients will be randomized into groups by sealed envelope method.
|
| Control | Other | Hot Pack will be applied on Quadriceps muscles before session for general relaxation for 7-10 minutes. Stretching of quadriceps femoris muscle with 4 repetitions and 15 second hold per session will be performed. Strengthening exercises of 3 sets of 10 RM with progressive loading per session will be performed. |
|
The Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS) - sometimes called the Kujala Scale is a 13-item knee-specific self-report questionnaire. It documents response to six activities (walking, running, jumping, climbing stairs, squatting, and sitting for prolonged periods with knees bent), as well as symptoms such as limp. The maximum score is 100 that indicate good results, if score is 70 then it is moderate, lower scores like 50 or below 50 indicates severity of the disease. |
| Post 1st week |
| Knee Range of Motion (ROM) | To assess Knee range of motion (ROM), Goniometer will be use to measure knee range of motion in flexion & extension. Participants will be seated upright and asked to actively move their knee in each direction. | Baseline |
| Knee Range of Motion (ROM) | To assess Knee range of motion (ROM), Goniometer will be use to measure knee range of motion in flexion & extension. Participants will be seated upright and asked to actively move their knee in each direction. | Post 1st week |
| 29392329 | Background | Saltychev M, Dutton RA, Laimi K, Beaupre GS, Virolainen P, Fredericson M. Effectiveness of conservative treatment for patellofemoral pain syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Rehabil Med. 2018 May 8;50(5):393-401. doi: 10.2340/16501977-2295. |
| Background | Starkweather A. The Evidence on Dry Needling for Pain Management.Topics in Pain Management. 2018 Nov 1;34(4):1-9 |
| 30038832 | Background | Sutlive TG, Golden A, King K, Morris WB, Morrison JE, Moore JH, Koppenhaver S. SHORT-TERM EFFECTS OF TRIGGER POINT DRY NEEDLING ON PAIN AND DISABILITY IN SUBJECTS WITH PATELLOFEMORAL PAIN SYNDROME. Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2018 Jun;13(3):462-473. |