This study evaluates the association of the Self-Administered questionnaire (CESAM) score and its stratification of frailty in four levels with incident adverse health events in older community dwellers and to compare this association with three validated frailty indexes which are the Cardiovascular Health Study frailty index, Study of Osteoporotic Fracture index and Rockwood frailty index.

Older adults' health and functional status is heterogeneous because of the various cumulative effects of chronic diseases and physiologic decline, contributing to a vicious cycle of increased frailty. Thanks to advances in medicine and hygiene, a growing number of older adults spend more years with a greater range of disorders causing disability but not mortality. Health systems thus need to face this new challenge. Quantification of frailty and its association with the occurrence of adverse health events is crucial to understand how efficiently health systems may respond to this situation.

This study aims to examine the association of the CESAM score and its stratification of frailty in four levels with incident adverse health events in older community dwellers and to compare this association with a) five validated frailty indexes which are the Cardiovascular Health Study frailty index, Study of Osteoporotic Fracture index, Rockwood frailty index, 6-item brief geriatric assessment (BGA) and "Program of Research on the Integration of Services for the Maintenance of Autonomy" (PRISMA-7) and b) two new frailty indexes developed over the COVID-19 pandemic which are "Évaluation SOcio-GÉriatrique" (ESOGER) and "CriblAge et REcommandations" (CARE).

Inclusion Criteria:

-Healthy community-dwellers from Quebec, Canada

Exclusion Criteria:

-Community-dwellers from outside Quebec, Canada

• Healthy community-dwellers from Quebec, Canada
• A follow-up during 4 years