Ultrasonographic Assessment of Stomach in Two Different Fasting Guidelines

Ultrasonographic Assessment of Stomach for Comparison of Antral Cross-sectional Area in Two Different Fasting Guidelines

Oral carbohydrate loading until 2 h before surgery is well known to be effective in facilitating postoperative recovery and reducing complications, by maintaining homeostasis. However, there are still concerns in implementing this as a universal fasting guideline, because of the risk of pulmonary aspiration. Therefore, we designed this study to compare the two preoperative fasting guideline: (1) keep fasted from midnight until surgery, and (2) oral carbohydrate beverage 800 mL from midnight until 2 h before surgery.

Inclusion Criteria:

• adult aged from 18 to 70
• American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class I or II
• absence of pregnancy
• not on lactation at the time of surgery

Exclusion Criteria:

• delayed gastric emptying (GERD, gastrointestinal disease, diabetes)
• contraindicated to NSAID or opioid
• mental disorders
• alcoholism
• drug abuse