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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| American Egg Board | OTHER |
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Quality nutrient intake is essential for proper development and well-being of children in all aspects of health, including cognitive development. Eggs are of particular interest based on potential cognitive and neurological benefits due in part to significant concentrations of choline and lutein. While overall, choline and lutein have received considerable attention in the literature in relation to cognition and brain function, most studies involving intake in young adults have had short intervention periods ranging from 90 minutes to 3 days. Food insecurity has been associated with decreased academic performance. Given that populations with food insecurity have limited resources to direct towards nutrition, identifying how a widely available, highly versatile and largely affordable source of nutrients (i.e. eggs) may have favorable impacts on cognitive function and brain function will be valuable in informing public health recommendations in this at-risk population. As such the investigators will examine whether an increased egg consumption dietary prescription can have positive effects on functional activity (i.e. fMRI) during an Eriksen-Flanker task, anatomical changes in the brain (i.e. DTI, MRI), and cognitive abilities as measured by the Stop Signal Reaction Time task, Operation Span task, Raven's Progressive Matrices and the Boston Naming Task.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Typical Diet (TD) | Active Comparator | Participants will be instructed to continue habitual dietary intake. |
|
| Increased Egg Consumption (IE) | Experimental | Participants will be prescribed an additional 2 eggs per day to their diet. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Increased Egg Consumption | Other | Subjects will be instructed to use a weekly food purchase supplement for inclusion of 2 additional eggs per day to be added to subject's typical daily diet. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Comparison of functional activity during Eriksen-Flanker Task | Changes in regional brain activation during an fMRI scan. | Baseline (pre-intervention) and 12 weeks (post-intervention) |
| Comparison of grey matter anatomical change | Grey density as measured by MRI | Baseline (pre-intervention) and 12 weeks (post-intervention) |
| Comparison of white matter connectivity change | White matter connectivity as measured by diffusion tensor imaging | Baseline (pre-intervention) and 12 weeks (post-intervention) |
| Comparison of cognitive battery performance change | Cognitive performance as measured by stop signal reaction time task | Baseline (pre-intervention) and 12 weeks (post-intervention) |
| Comparison of cognitive battery performance change | Cognitive performance as measured by operation span task | Baseline (pre-intervention) and 12 weeks (post-intervention) |
| Comparison of cognitive battery performance change | Cognitive performance as measured by Raven's Progressive Matrices | Baseline (pre-intervention) and 12 weeks (post-intervention) |
| Comparison of cognitive battery performance change | Cognitive performance as measured by Boston Naming Task |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
Participants unable or unwilling to provide informed consent.
Participants with motor, visual or hearing impairment.
Participants with current severe psychiatric illnesses (e.g. psychosis, schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, depression)
Participants with history of psychiatric hospitalization.
Participants with habitual egg consumption (past 3 months) of 4 eggs per week or more
Unable or unwilling to consume required study meals for any reason (e.g. dietary restrictions, allergies, or aversions to any of the food items used in the study).
History of liver or kidney disease, cardiovascular disease, hematologic disease, metabolic disease, Epilepsy (or other seizure disorder) or malignant tumor
Currently taking (or have taken in the past 4 weeks) any anti-anxiolytic, anti-epileptic, or anti-depression medications
Currently taking (or have taken in the past 4 weeks) any proton pump inhibitor medications
History of any cognitive disorder, medical and/or psychological conditions and/or medications affecting cognition
Participants with contraindications for MRI scanning.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Martin Binks, PhD | Texas Tech University- Department of Nutritional Sciences | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Texas Tech Neuroimaging Institute | Lubbock | Texas | 79409 | United States | ||
| Nutrition & Metabolic Health Initiative |
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| Typical diet | Other | Subjects will be instructed to maintain their current dietary patterns. |
|
| Baseline (pre-intervention) and 12 weeks (post-intervention) |
| Comparison of Eriksen-Flanker Task performance change | Eriksen-Flanker task performance compared using the drift diffusion model | Baseline (pre-intervention) and 12 weeks (post-intervention) |
| Lubbock |
| Texas |
| 79410 |
| United States |