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This is an interventional randomized, controlled trial in analyzing the effects of astaxanthin supplementation on plasma malondialdehyde levels and NIHSS of acute ischemic stroke patients. According to published studies, it was hypothesized that acute ischemic stroke patients who were given astaxanthin would have lower plasma malondialdehyde levels and lower NIHSS score compared to the control group.
There were a total of 24 subjects, with 12 subjects in the intervention group and 12 subjects in the control group.The participants were divided into an interventional group and a control group. The interventional group was given astaxanthin supplementation 2 x 8mg per day for 7 days, while the control group was given placebo.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Astaxanthin | Active Comparator | Astaxanthin supplementation will be given at 2 x 8mg for 7 days. |
|
| Control | Placebo Comparator | A placebo will be given, which takes the form of a drug with the exact same shape and color as astaxanthin supplementation |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Astaxanthine | Drug |
|
| |
| Placebo Oral Tablet |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Plasma Malondialdehyde Levels on Astaxanthine Treated Stroke Patients as Assessed by Wills Spectrophotometry | This method used Thiobarbituric acid reaction (TBAR) with substances such as malondialdehyde. The scale was 0.367 nmol/ml-0.707 nmol/ml. The value above 0.707nmol/ml would be the worse outcome, and value less than 0.367nmol/ml would be the best outcome. Bivariate analysis was used to analyze the results (T-test or the Mann-Whitney Test). | 7 days |
| National Institute of Health Stroke Scale on Astaxanthine Treated Stroke Patients | Score scale was 4-15, where less than 4 indicates mild neurologic deficit, 4-15 moderate neurologic deficit, and more than 15 severe neurologic deficit. They will be assessed before and after the trial to compare how each participant improved after given the intervention. | 7 days |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Salim Harris, SpS | IDI | Study Chair |
| Sri Sukmaniah, SpGK | IDI | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Department of Nutrition University of Indonesia | Jakarta | 10340 | Indonesia |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12760178 | Background | Barber PA, Demchuk AM, Hirt L, Buchan AM. Biochemistry of ischemic stroke. Adv Neurol. 2003;92:151-64. No abstract available. | |
| 19218497 | Background | Shen H, Kuo CC, Chou J, Delvolve A, Jackson SN, Post J, Woods AS, Hoffer BJ, Wang Y, Harvey BK. Astaxanthin reduces ischemic brain injury in adult rats. FASEB J. 2009 Jun;23(6):1958-68. doi: 10.1096/fj.08-123281. Epub 2009 Feb 13. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D020521 | Stroke |
| D000083242 | Ischemic Stroke |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D002561 | Cerebrovascular Disorders |
| D001927 | Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C005948 | astaxanthine |
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Astaxanthin and Placebo
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| Drug |
|
|
| 1497349 | Background | Palozza P, Krinsky NI. Astaxanthin and canthaxanthin are potent antioxidants in a membrane model. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1992 Sep;297(2):291-5. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(92)90675-m. |
| 15635162 | Background | Hussein G, Nakamura M, Zhao Q, Iguchi T, Goto H, Sankawa U, Watanabe H. Antihypertensive and neuroprotective effects of astaxanthin in experimental animals. Biol Pharm Bull. 2005 Jan;28(1):47-52. doi: 10.1248/bpb.28.47. |
| 9799909 | Background | Gariballa SE, Sinclair AJ. Assessment and treatment of nutritional status in stroke patients. Postgrad Med J. 1998 Jul;74(873):395-9. doi: 10.1136/pgmj.74.873.395. |
| 11509080 | Background | Demirkaya S, Topcuoglu MA, Aydin A, Ulas UH, Isimer AI, Vural O. Malondialdehyde, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase in peripheral blood erythrocytes of patients with acute cerebral ischemia. Eur J Neurol. 2001 Jan;8(1):43-51. doi: 10.1046/j.1468-1331.2001.00166.x. |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |