During hospitalization:

1. Monitor subjects' blood glucose;
2. One-on-one education: Education includes skills related to diabetes self-management, basic knowledge of diabetes, diet, exercise, medication, blood glucose monitoring, risks of glucose fluctuations;
3. Teaching patients and their families to use blood glucose meters and correctly record results. The diabetes specialist nurses demonstrate correct methods for self-monitoring blood glucose.

During discharge: Patients were given standard hospital discharge instructions and were asked to monitor their blood glucose 5 times daily after discharge.

Follow-up: If a patient FPG was less than 7 mmol/L, 2hPG was less than 10 mmol/L, or A1c was less than 7%, no intervention would be implemented. If one of these items was above the numbers, a referral would be made to an endocrinologist for medication adjustment. Participants received telephone follow-up one week after discharge, thereafter, follow-up were conducted once a month.

We set achieving goals for this intervention group (both A1c<7% and LAGE<80mg/dl). Participants received the same usual care as the control group; though additional attention was paid to glucose fluctuation on the basis of glucose control. Even the patient's FPG, 2hPG, and A1c were all well controlled, If his or her LAGE≥80mg/dl, we would carefully assess the patient's diet and exercise and daily activities first. If it was caused by lifestyle or events, the researchers worked with patients to find a self-care behavioral solution for the glucose fluctuation, and set behavioral goals, otherwise, the researchers would refer the patient to an endocrinologist for medication adjustment. During next follow-up, we evaluated the glucose fluctuation and target completion.

During hospitalization:

1. Monitor subjects' blood glucose;
2. One-on-one education: Education includes skills related to diabetes self-management, basic knowledge of diabetes, diet, exercise, medication, blood glucose monitoring, risks of glucose fluctuations;
3. Teaching patients and their families to use blood glucose meters and correctly record results. The diabetes specialist nurses demonstrate correct methods for self-monitoring blood glucose.

During discharge: Patients were given standard hospital discharge instructions and were asked to monitor their blood glucose 5 times daily after discharge.

Follow-up: If a patient FPG was less than 7 mmol/L, 2hPG was less than 10 mmol/L, or A1c was less than 7%, no intervention would be implemented. If one of these items was above the numbers, a referral would be made to an endocrinologist for medication adjustment. Participants received telephone follow-up one week after discharge, thereafter, follow-up were conducted once a month.

The National Institute of Health Stroke Scale includes the following domains: level of consciousness, sensory, neglect, visual field, gaze, facial palsy, motor arm, motor leg, limb ataxia, language, and dysarthria. Each domain is scored on an ordinal scale ranging from 0 to 2, 0 to 3, or 0 to 4. Item scores are summed to a total score ranging from 0 to 42 (the higher the score, the more severe the stroke).

fasting plasma glucose variation coefficient (CV-FPG)

Largest amplitude of Glycemic Excursions (LAGE)

The Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) is a specific scale that evaluates disability and health-related quality of life after stroke. This scale includes the following eight domains: strength, memory, thinking, emotion, communication and ADLs, mobility, hand function and participation. A total of 8 domains with 59 items, are scored on a 5-point scale, of which the sixth, eighth, and ninth questions of the emotional dimension are reversed, and the other items are positive. Each domain scores range from 0 to 100 and are calculated using the following equation: Calculated score=[(actual score- the lowest possible score in this domain) / (the difference between the highest possible score and the lowest score in this domain)]×100. The total score of the scale is the sum of all domains. A higher score indicates better quality of life and the less functional damage.