• Physical exercise for 6 months produced significant improvement in adiponectin, hs-CRP, and nitric oxide (NO) and was significantly correlated with adiposity markers, lipid profile and glycemic control factors in both obese and non-obese diabetic patients.
• Patients with good physical activity reported a significant decrease in BMI, CHD risk scores, reduced hs-CRP, an increase in the levels of adiponectin and nitric oxide.
• In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, adiposity markers, lipid profile, hs-CRP, and adiponectin were significantly improved following moderate exercise interventions

To elucidate the potential role of exercise as anti-adiposity and anti-cardio protective modulates, we thought to investigate the effect of supervised aerobic training of moderate intensity on adiposity markers, nitric oxide level, plasma adiponectin, hs-CRP, and its association with CHD risk score in obese and non-obese patients with type 2 diabetes.

Inclusion Criteria:

• patients with type 2 diabetes for more than 5 years.
• Patients who were diagnosed according to the criteria of the American diabetes association.
• Not receiving any drugs affecting the data obtained
• had Normal daily diets
• Not participating in any other exercise programs
• Without any musculoskeletal disorders affecting an exercise program

Exclusion Criteria:

• Exclusion criteria included anemia, overt complications of diabetes like nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, obvious ischemic heart disease (angina, myocardial infarction, and lead electrocardiogram abnormalities), HCV, HBV, chronic liver and kidney diseases, hypothyroidism, and drugs (diuretics; oral contraceptives).

Fifty subjects diagnosed with type 2 diabetes for more than 5 years aged 45-70 years were invited in the period from 2013 to 2014 to participate in this study. Patients were diagnosed according to the criteria of American diabetes association.32 Based on the values of BMI, the patients were classified into two groups, obese diabetic group (n= 25, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and non-obese group (n= 25, BMI ≤ 30 kg/m2).