The study was interrupted prematurely because of the low rate of recruitment.

EPICA-1 is a multicenter, open label, interventional study which will involve about 30 Internal Medicine Units throughout Italy, enrolling globally at least 100 hospitalised patients with suspicion of invasive candidiasis. These patients will be treated with an echinocandin (micafungin) as timely as possible, and they will continue the antifungal treatment according to international guidelines when diagnosis is confirmed by positive 1,3-β-D-glucan test: this will allow collection of information on patients outcome. At the same time, patients will be also evaluated by means of blood culture, so that comparison will be possible between the two diagnostic tests (primary end-point of the study).

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age 18 years
• Patients giving their informed consent to participate to the study and to the use of their health data
• Patients with two or more SIRS criteria (hyperthermia, or hypothermia, tachycardia, tachypnea, leucocytosis or leukopenia )
• Patients treated with antibiotic therapy in the last 4 weeks and with central venous catheter
• Patients with at least one of these conditions ( cortisone therapy/ immunosuppressive agents, total parenteral nutrition, urinary catheter, anticancer chemotherapy and major surgery in the last 3 weeks, acute pancreatitis, diabetes mellitus, liver diseases, dialysis)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with ALT, AST, bilirubin > 3 times the upper limit of normal
• Patients enrolled in other interventional clinical studies
• Patients treated with echinocandin or azolic or polyene at the time of the enrolment
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding
• Neutropenic patients
• HIV positive patients
• Central nervous system events