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The study examine possible changes in physical activity, nutrition, and psychosocial health following the intervention "Active and Healthy Kids in Telemark". The intervention schools will received the intervention, whereas the control schools will continue as usual.
School based, health promoting interventions with focus on increase physical activity and improved nutrition seems to be a good solution to the challenges with low physical activity level, poor physical fitness, poor nutrition and psychosocial health challenges among children and adolescents. Low physical activity levels and physical fitness is recognized as one of the major public health challenges in the 21st century, and it negatively affects cognitive skills and academic performances. Providing school based health promoting interventions makes it easier to reach all children and adolescents regardless of social and cultural background, and hence reduce social inequalities in health.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Activity and diet | Experimental | Multi-component, holistic model with a) physical activity, b) nutrition, and c) psychosocial work. A: physical activity will be provided as a pedagogical tool in subjects Mathematics, Norwegian and English B: Focus on school meals and menus in school cafeteria C: Psychosocial work with focus on the associations between physical activity, nutrition and psychosocial health. Collaboration between schools and school health services |
|
| Control | No Intervention | Schools are required to perform teaching activities, school meals and school cafeteria menus as usual |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Activity and diet | Behavioral | Physical activity: use of physical activity in theoretical subjects (3 x 30 min/week), physically active breaks (5 x 5 min/week), physical education (2 x 45 min/week) Nutrition: focus on school meals |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Physical activity (counts per minute) | Objectively assessment of physical activity by accelerometer Actigraph GT3x | 4 days |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Physical fitness: Andersen test | Andersen test to measure endurance capacity, running test on 20 m track for 10 minutes. Number of metres ran during the 10 minutes is registered. | 10 minutes |
| Physical fitness: standing long jump |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Solfrid Bratland-Sanda, PhD | University College of Southeast Norway | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University College of Southeast Norway | Bø | Telemark | 3800 | Norway |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25575800 | Background | Naylor PJ, Nettlefold L, Race D, Hoy C, Ashe MC, Wharf Higgins J, McKay HA. Implementation of school based physical activity interventions: a systematic review. Prev Med. 2015 Mar;72:95-115. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.12.034. Epub 2015 Jan 6. | |
| 26556088 | Background | Mura G, Vellante M, Nardi AE, Machado S, Carta MG. Effects of School-Based Physical Activity Interventions on Cognition and Academic Achievement: A Systematic Review. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2015;14(9):1194-208. doi: 10.2174/1871527315666151111121536. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001519 | Behavior |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015444 | Exercise |
| D004032 | Diet |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009043 | Motor Activity |
| D009068 | Movement |
| D009142 | Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena |
| D055687 | Musculoskeletal and Neural Physiological Phenomena |
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Standing long jump to measure explosive strength. Each subject gets two trials. Longest trial is registered in cm.
| 2 minutes |
| Nutrition and diet: questionnaire | self-report through own-developed questionnaire (not standardised scale) | 5 minutes |
| Health-related Quality of Life | KIDSCREEN-27 (unabbreviated name) is a 27 item self-report instrument for health-related quality of life in children and adolescents. Each item is scored on a Likert scale from 1 to 5. The scores of each item are clustered into five dimensions: Physical Well-Being, Psychological Well-Being, Autonomy & Parents, Peers & Social Support and School Environment. Each dimension, or subscale, is scored as Rasch scales (i.e., sum of item scores for each subscale, transform the raw sumscores into Rasch person parameter estimates and T-values according to the KIDSCREEN-27 manual (KIDSCREEN group Europe, 2006)). For all these dimensions, higher Rasch scores and T-scores indicate better quality of life according to that given dimension. | 10 minutes |
| Academic performance: grades in subjects Norwegian, mathematics and English | Results from national tests which assess level of academic performance among the pupils | 45 minutes |
| 25898349 | Background | Ho FK, Louie LH, Chow CB, Wong WH, Ip P. Physical activity improves mental health through resilience in Hong Kong Chinese adolescents. BMC Pediatr. 2015 Apr 22;15:48. doi: 10.1186/s12887-015-0365-0. |
| 16639173 | Background | Penedo FJ, Dahn JR. Exercise and well-being: a review of mental and physical health benefits associated with physical activity. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2005 Mar;18(2):189-93. doi: 10.1097/00001504-200503000-00013. |
| Background | Ravens-Sieberer, U. and K.G. Europe, The Kidscreen Questionnaires: Quality of Life Questionnaires for Children and Adolescents ; Handbook. 2006: Pabst Science Publ. |
| 36335366 | Derived | Bratland-Sanda S, Schmidt SK, Reinboth MS, Vrabel KA. Under pressure to exercise: a cross-sectional study of characteristics and predictors of compulsive exercise in early adolescents. J Eat Disord. 2022 Nov 5;10(1):156. doi: 10.1186/s40337-022-00686-8. |
| D009747 | Nutritional Physiological Phenomena |
| D000066888 | Diet, Food, and Nutrition |
| D010829 | Physiological Phenomena |