Outpatients with at least one dispensing record of any medication will be included in the study. An index date will be assigned to each participant and prescription records for anticholinergics will be used in the study.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Have at least one dispensing of any medication between January 22, 2016 and December 31, 2016.

Inclusion Criteria for Korea:

• Have at least one dispensing of any medication between January 1st, 2016 and December 31, 2016.
• Participant was diagnosed with OAB (ICD-10 N32.8, N31.0, N31.1, N31.2, N31.8, N31.9, N32.9, N39.8 and N39.40) at index date.
• Participant did not have dispensing record of an OAB medication during the washout period (6 months prior to the index date).

Exclusion Criteria:

• Participants who do not have a complete year of data availability in the database prior to index date.
• Have record of hospitalization on the index date.

Exclusion Criteria for Korea:

• Participant was hospitalized on the index date.
• Participant did not have an active insurance status during the washout period or on the index date.
• Participant received onabotulinumtoxin A and/or surgical intervention as part of the OAB treatment during the washout period.
• Participant was diagnosed with stress incontinence (ICD-10 N39.3 or equivalent) or had dispensing record of medication for stress incontinence (duloxetine) during the washout period.
• Participant was diagnosed with urinary tract infection (ICD-10 N30.0 and N39.0 or equivalent) during the washout period or on the index date.

Australian and Korean with at least one prescription of any treatment between January 22, 2016 (For Korea: January 1st, 2016) and December 31, 2016 derived from country claims data.

Access to anonymized individual participant level data will not be provided for this trial. Further details on Astellas' data sharing policy can be found at https://www.clinicaltrials.astellas.com/transparency/.