We previously reported results of a prospective observational study demonstrating that early response defined as reduction in bone marrow (BM) blast counts to less than 5% of BM cells by the fifth day of induction therapy is a strong predictor of remission and overall survival (Ofran Y, et al. AJH, 2015). The long term survival benefit of early response was confirmed later on after a median follow-up for surviving patients of 53 months (range 17.5-84.5).

Patients diagnosed with AML, younger than 61 year of age assigned for intensive chemotherapy, and diagnosed with standard or intermediate risk AML, will undergo BM examination on the fifth day of induction. Patients in whom BM blast count at the fifth day of induction will be lower than 5% will proceed therapy with consolidations or autologous SCT with-holding the option for allo-SCT. MRD monitoring will apply to those with reliable molecular marker.

Inclusion Criteria:

• AML diagnosis,
• treated with 3+7 Induction chemotherapy
• Intermediate/standard risk AML

Exclusion Criteria:

• Diagnosed of APL
• high risk molecular/cytogenetic score