The cephalohematoma is a common pathology of newborns. Observation is the primary treatment for the most of small uncomplicated cephalohematoma. However large cephalohematoma can lead to calcification with anesthetic local deformation or deformational plagiocephaly. The objective of the study was to evaluate the iatrogenic risk associated with early puncture on local anesthesia.

This is a retrospective study of 67 newborns followed at the University Hospital of Montpellier between 2010 and 2017. Treatment was puncture under local anesthesia between 2 and 4 weeks of life.

Any potential complication events were searched retrospectively during the month after the puncture. Analyze of the electronic medical record was made as followed: read of peri-operative and post-operative reports, looking for readmission in Pediatric Emergency department and finally read of the report of the clinical control 1 month after the procedure

Inclusion criteria:

• diagnosis of cephalohematoma was performed by the two senior plastic pediatric surgeon of the study
• the diagnosis was confirmed by ultrasound examination

Exclusion criteria:

• Skull fracture (seen by ultrasound examination)
• Intra-cranial complication (ultrasound examination)

patients presenting cephalohematoma