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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| Innovations for Poverty Action | OTHER |
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The vast majority of new HIV infections occur in sub-Saharan Africa, where nearly 2 million people become infected with HIV/AIDS every year. Forty-five percent of these new HIV infections occur among people under 25 years old, and nearly all of them are due to unprotected sex. Ensuring the adoption of safer sexual behavior among youth is critical to keeping the new generations free of HIV.
This research study aims to examine, through a large randomized controlled trial, the impact of two HIV prevention strategies among a youth population in Kenya: Voluntary Counseling and Testing for HIV (VCT), and condom distribution.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Voluntary Counseling and Testing for HIV (VCT) | Experimental | Youth are offered VCT conducted onsite via mobile clinics in accordance with Kenya National HIV Testing Guidelines by certified VCT counselors trained by the National AIDS and STI Control Program (NASCOP). |
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| Condoms | Experimental | Youth are offered 50 packages containing 3 condoms each of Trust brand condoms free of charge. |
|
| VCT and Condoms | Experimental | Youth are offered both VCT and condoms. |
|
| Control | No Intervention | No intervention is provided (beyond the standard available HIV prevention services within the area) |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Voluntary Counseling and Testing for HIV (VCT) | Behavioral | Youth are offered VCT conducted onsite via mobile clinics in accordance with Kenya National HIV Testing Guidelines by certified VCT counselors trained by the National AIDS and STI Control Program (NASCOP). |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| HSV-2 prevalence | Assessed via a blood test | 2 years post-intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| % of youth who have high HIV knowledge | Assessed via a questionnaire | 2 years post-intervention |
| % of youth who did not use a condom at last intercourse | Assessed via a questionnaire |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Youth previously participated in an earlier study by Duflo, Dupas and Kremer in 328 primary schools in the same study site in Western Province, Kenya who consent to participate.
Exclusion Criteria:
Youth sampled for the study who do not consent to participate.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Esther Duflo | Massachusetts Institute of Technology | Principal Investigator |
| Pascaline Dupas | Stanford University | Principal Investigator |
| Vandana Sharma | Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH) | Principal Investigator |
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| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31361767 | Derived | Duflo E, Dupas P, Ginn T, Barasa GM, Baraza M, Pouliquen V, Sharma V. HIV prevention among youth: A randomized controlled trial of voluntary counseling and testing for HIV and male condom distribution in rural Kenya. PLoS One. 2019 Jul 30;14(7):e0219535. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219535. eCollection 2019. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000163 | Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D015658 | HIV Infections |
| D000086982 | Blood-Borne Infections |
| D003141 | Communicable Diseases |
| D007239 | Infections |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000069078 | Seroconversion |
| D017280 | Condoms |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D055633 | Immune System Phenomena |
| D003275 | Contraceptive Devices, Male |
| D003273 | Contraceptive Devices |
| D004864 | Equipment and Supplies |
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| Condoms | Behavioral | Youth are offered 50 packages containing 3 condoms each of Trust brand condoms free of charge. |
|
| 2 years post-intervention |
| % of youth who reported having an STI or symptoms of an STI | Assessed via a questionnaire | 2 years post-intervention |
| % of youth who report ever being pregnant | Assessed via a questionnaire | 2 years post-intervention |
| Number of sexual partners | Assessed via a questionnaire | 2 years post-intervention |
| HIV prevalence | Assessed via a blood test | 2 years post-intervention |
| % of youth who have accepting attitudes towards people living with HIV (PLHIV) | Assessed via a questionnaire | 2 years post-intervention |
| D015229 |
| Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral |
| D012749 | Sexually Transmitted Diseases |
| D016180 | Lentivirus Infections |
| D012192 | Retroviridae Infections |
| D012327 | RNA Virus Infections |
| D014777 | Virus Diseases |
| D012897 | Slow Virus Diseases |
| D000091662 | Genital Diseases |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D007153 | Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes |
| D007154 | Immune System Diseases |