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Percutaneous epidural neuroplasty (PEN) is an effective interventional treatment for radicular pain. But in some cases with wire catheter like Racz catheter, contrast runoffs were not shown to the foramen. This study will show that contrast runoff will affect the results of PEN and in cases which contrast runoff are not shown, additional transforaminal epidural blocks will affect the results of PEN by reviewing medical record, retrospectively.
Medical records will be investigated in cases of PEN with wire type catheter from May 2016 to August 2018. About one hundred cases will be enrolled. Analysis will be performed. It will be compared 1) Success rate of Runoff group and Nonrunoff group in lumbar spine, 2) Success rate of Runoff group and Nonrunoff-NonTransforaminal group in lumbar spine. 3) Success rate of Runoff group with nonrunoff-transforaminal group and Nonrunoff-NonTransforaminal group in lumbar spine. 4) Success rate of Nonrunoff-Transforaminal group and Nonrunoff-NonTransforaminal group in lumbar spine.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Runoff Group | Runoff group are the patients whose images were shown root shadow by contrast media. | ||
| Nonrunoff-Transforaminal group | Nonrunoff-Transforaminal group are the patients whose images are not shown root shadows by contrast media, so additional transforaminal blocks are done. |
| |
| Nonrunoff-NonTransforaminla group | Nonrunoff-NonTransforaminal group are the patients whose images are not shown root shadows by contrast media, but no additional transforaminal blocks are done. |
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transforaminal Block | Procedure | Epidural block via neural foramen of lumbar spine |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Success rate of three groups | Success rate of three groups(Runoff group, Nonrunoff-foraminal group, Nonrunoff-Nonforaminal group) will be compared each other. Success is defined as a 50% or greater reduction in pain score on the pre-procedural Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) score. | 1 month |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Medical records will be reviewed retrospectively about 100 patients with chronic low back pain and lower extremity pain who did not respond to lumbar epidural steroid injections. As the next stage of treatment, percutaneous epidural neuroplasty with a wire type catheter is performed. The patient's symptoms, neurological examination, and imaging studies were evaluated to make a diagnosis. Patients 20 to 80 years old with a herniated disc, spinal stenosis are included. Percutaneous epidural neuroplasty using a wire type catheter was done, and patients had regular follow-up visits until 1 months after the neuroplasty.
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31852086 | Derived | Gil HY, Lee SY, Min SK, Kim JE, Lee HS, Jeong HW, Park B, Choung J, Choi JB. The effect of additional transforaminal epidural blocks on percutaneous epidural neuroplasty with a wire-type catheter: A retrospective observational study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019 Dec;98(50):e18233. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000018233. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013130 | Spinal Stenosis |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D013122 | Spinal Diseases |
| D001847 | Bone Diseases |
| D009140 | Musculoskeletal Diseases |
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