Effects of Oral Care With Glutamine on Oral Health, Oral Flora and Incidence of Pneumonia After Neurosurgery With Microbiome Analysis

Effects of Oral Care With Glutamine on Oral Health, Oral Flora and Incidence of Pneumonia After Neurosurgery With Microbiome Analysis

A randomized, double-blind, single-center and controlled study comparing the efficacy and safety of intravenous administration of tranexamic acid to reduce blood loss in simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty.

A randomized, double-blind, single-center and controlled study comparing the efficacy and safety of intravenous administration of tranexamic acid to reduce blood loss in simultaneous bilateral total knee arthroplasty. Subjects will be monitored for occurrence of any complications, particularly deep venous thrombosis and thromboembolism during the hospital stay and for 1 months postoperatively

Inclusion Criteria:

• Adult patients who plan to undergo simultaneous primary total knee arthroplasty on bilateral knee joint with a diagnosis of osteoarthritis or aseptic bone necrosis, but not of rheumatoid arthritis;
• All patients who have normal preoperative platelet count, normal prothrombin time, normal partial thromboplastin time, and normal international normalized ratio;
• The use of only balanced electrolyte solutions and/or albumin for plasma volume restitution.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Allergy to tranexamic acid;
• Receiving warfarin or heparin; had a history of hemophilia, deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or renal impairment; or were pregnant;
• Patients with any cardiovascular problems (such as myocardiac infarction history, atrial fibrillation, angina);
• Patients with thromboembolic disorders, or those exhibiting a deteriorating general condition;
• Preoperative anemia (a hemoglobin value of <11 g/dL in females and <12 g/dL in males), refusal of blood products;
• Preoperative use of anticoagulant therapy within five days before surgery, fibrinolytic disorders requiring intraoperative antifibrinolytic treatment, coagulopathy (as identified by a preoperative platelet count of <150,000/mm3, an international normalized ratio of >1.4, or a prolonged partial thromboplastin time [>1.4 times normal]).