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While thoracic epidural could control incisional pain after thoracotomy, an excruciating ipsilateral shoulder pain happens post thoracotomy and could affect up to 85% of thoracotomy patients. It is often difficult to manage and relatively resistant to opioids. The investigators postulate that in the presence of a functioning thoracic epidural, intrapleural bupivacaine administered through the chest tube could be effective in reducing post thoracotomy ipsilateral shoulder pain.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Control group | Placebo Comparator | Patients in this group receive Normal Saline injection in the inter pleural space |
|
| Experimental group | Experimental | Patients in this group receive Bupivacaine 0.25% + Epinephrine 5 mcg/ml injection in the inter pleural space |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bupivacaine-epinephrine | Drug | See previous description |
| |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change in VAS scores | ISP visual analogue scale scores before intrapleural block and at 30 min, 4 hours and 24 hours | from 0 hour to 24 hour |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Forced Vital Capacity | from 0 hour to 48 hour | |
| Total epidural infusion | from 0 hour to 48 hour | |
| Co-analgesia consumption |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Montreal General Hospital | Montreal | Quebec | H3A 1A1 | Canada |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000077330 | Saline Solution |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000077324 | Crystalloid Solutions |
| D007552 | Isotonic Solutions |
| D012996 | Solutions |
| D004364 | Pharmaceutical Preparations |
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RCT with one active group and a control (placebo) group
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Blinded drug preparation
| Normal saline |
| Drug |
See previous descreption |
|
| from 0 hour to 48 hour |