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The objective of this study is to study the effects of the Life Story Book intervention on depressive symptoms and meaning in life for mentally alert residents of nursing homes.
Two nursing homes were recruited to participate. One nursing home will receive the Life Story Book intervention while the other half receives Usual Care intervention. The interventions were then switched, and the participants who received Usual Care intervention received the Life Story Book intervention while the home that received Life Story Book intervention received Usual Care intervention. The study consisted of two treatment periods of 3 weeks separated by a washout period of 1 week.
Life Story Book provides a person with the opportunity to chronologically share their life experiences and memories. This three-1 hour reminiscence intervention is designed to provide a person with the opportunity to review their past and capture their life story into something tangible. The Life Story Book includes a combination of written information, photographs of significant people, places or events, and personal narratives from the stages of life that the person would like to include.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life Story Book Intervention First, Then Usual Care | Experimental | Participants first received the Life Story Book Intervention once a week for 3 weeks. After a washout period of 1 week, they then received the Usual Care Intervention for 3 weeks. Posttests were then conducted for 1 week. |
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| Usual Care First, Then Life Story Book Intervention | Experimental | Participants first received the Usual Care Intervention for 3 weeks. After a washout period of 1 week, they then received the Life Story Book Intervention once a week for 3 weeks. Posttests were then conducted for 1 week. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Life Story Book | Behavioral | Life story Book is intended to allow a person the opportunity to reminisce chronologically through their life and capture their life stories into a book. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change From Baseline in Mean Scores for Geriatric Depression Scale at 3 Weeks | The Geriatric Depression Scale (Residential) (GDS-12R) is a validated, self-reported instrument assessing depression over the past 7 days. It is a "yes/no" format. Possible scores range from 0 (no depressive symptoms) to 10 (depression). A score of 0 to 4 is normal; scores ≥ 4 are significant for depressive symptoms; scores ≥ 08 is almost always indicative of depression. A score ≥ 5 points should warrant a follow-up comprehensive assessment. | Baseline and 3 weeks |
| Change From Baseline in Mean Scores for Meaning in Life Questionnaire Sub-Scale Presence of Meaning (POM) at 3 Weeks. | Meaning in Life was measured using the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), created by Steger et al. The MLQ has two sub-scales which assess the presence of meaning (POM) (how much a person feels their life has meaning) and the search for meaning (how much a person strives to find meaning and understanding in their life). The two sub-scale measures, which consist of 10 items on a 7-point Likert scale, range from 1-absolutely true to 7-absolutely untrue: five items for presence of meaning (POM) and five items for search for meaning (SFM). A POM score > 24 indicates the person feels their life has meaning and purpose. | Baseline and 3 weeks |
| Change From Baseline in Mean Scores for Meaning in Life Questionnaire Sub-Scale Search for Meaning (SFM) at 3 Weeks | Meaning in Life was measured using the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), created by Steger et al.The MLQ has two sub-scales which assess the presence of meaning (how much a person feels their life has meaning) and the search for meaning (how much a person strives to find meaning and understanding in their life). The two sub-scale measures, which consist of 10 items on a 7-point Likert scale, range from 1-absolutely true to 7-absolutely untrue: five items for presence of meaning (POM) and five items for search for meaning (SFM). An SFM score of < 24 indicates the person is not seeking meaning in their life. | Baseline and 3 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Theresa C Chrisman, LMSW | University of Houston | Principal Investigator |
| Allen Rubin, PhD | University of Houston | Study Chair |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sharpview Residence and Rehabilitation Center | Houston | Texas | 77036 | United States | ||
| Cambridge Health Rehab Center |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20925716 | Background | McKeown J, Clarke A, Ingleton C, Ryan T, Repper J. The use of life story work with people with dementia to enhance person-centred care. Int J Older People Nurs. 2010 Jun;5(2):148-58. doi: 10.1111/j.1748-3743.2010.00219.x. | |
| 16866815 | Background | McKeown J, Clarke A, Repper J. Life story work in health and social care: systematic literature review. J Adv Nurs. 2006 Jul;55(2):237-47. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.03897.x. |
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24 of the 27 participants, 12 from each home met inclusion criteria. The two nursing homes were allocated by the PI to either Life Story Book Intervention first or Usual Care first. All participants in the same nursing home received the same intervention at the same time.
27 residents were screened for eligibility between April 08, 2019 and April 12, 2019 from two comparable nursing homes in the Houston Texas Metropolitan area.
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Life Story Book Intervention First, Then Usual Care | Participants first received the Life Story Book Intervention for one hour each week for 3 weeks. After a washout period of 1 week and measures collected (Time 2), they then received the Usual Care intervention for 3 weeks. Posttests (Time 3) were conducted the week after the Usual Care intervention. |
| FG001 | Usual Care First, Then Life Story Book Intervention | Participants first received the Usual Care Intervention for 3 weeks. After a washout period of 1 week and measures collected (Time 2), they then received the Life Story Book Intervention for one hour a week for 3 weeks. Posttests (Time 3) were conducted the week after the Life Story Book Intervention. |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First Intervention (3 Weeks) |
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| Washout (1 Week) |
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| Second Intervention (3 Weeks) |
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Life Story Book Intervention First, Then Usual Care | Participants first received the Life Story Book Intervention for one hour a week for three weeks. After a washout period of 1 week, they then received three weeks of usual care. |
| BG001 | Usual Care First, Then Life Story Book Intervention |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
|
| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | Mean |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Change From Baseline in Mean Scores for Geriatric Depression Scale at 3 Weeks | The Geriatric Depression Scale (Residential) (GDS-12R) is a validated, self-reported instrument assessing depression over the past 7 days. It is a "yes/no" format. Possible scores range from 0 (no depressive symptoms) to 10 (depression). A score of 0 to 4 is normal; scores ≥ 4 are significant for depressive symptoms; scores ≥ 08 is almost always indicative of depression. A score ≥ 5 points should warrant a follow-up comprehensive assessment. | All participants who received each intervention and completed all study visits were included in the efficacy analysis. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | score on a scale | Baseline and 3 weeks |
|
Through the study completion, an average of 9 weeks, no serious or other adverse effects were observed.
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Life Story Book Intervention | Two comparable nursing homes (NH) were allocated to either Life Story Book Intervention first (NH-A) or Usual Care first (NH-B) Participants in the same NH will receive the same intervention. |
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| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dr. Theresa C. Chrisman | University of Houston | 713-447-3334 | tkchrisman@comcast.net |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ICF | No | No | Yes | Informed Consent Form | May 3, 2019 | Jan 15, 2020 | ICF_000.pdf |
| Prot_SAP | Yes | Yes | No | Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan | Jun 28, 2019 | Jan 15, 2020 | Prot_SAP_001.pdf |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003863 | Depression |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001526 | Behavioral Symptoms |
| D001519 | Behavior |
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A switching replication design was employed to examine the effects of the Life Story Book (LSB). Two comparable nursing homes were allocated to each intervention. Participants in each nursing home received the same intervention at the same time.
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| Usual Care | Behavioral | Three weeks of Usual Care with no visits from research team |
|
| Richmond |
| Texas |
| 77469 |
| United States |
| 7183759 | Background | Yesavage JA, Brink TL, Rose TL, Lum O, Huang V, Adey M, Leirer VO. Development and validation of a geriatric depression screening scale: a preliminary report. J Psychiatr Res. 1982-1983;17(1):37-49. doi: 10.1016/0022-3956(82)90033-4. |
| 10937538 | Background | Sutcliffe C, Cordingley L, Burns A, Mozley CG, Bagley H, Huxley P, Challis D. A new version of the geriatric depression scale for nursing and residential home populations: the geriatric depression scale (residential) (GDS-12R). Int Psychogeriatr. 2000 Jun;12(2):173-81. doi: 10.1017/s104161020000630x. |
| Background | Steger, M. F., Frazier, P., Oishi, S., & Kaler, M. The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of counseling psychology 53(1): 80-93, 2006. |
| Background | Gibson, F. Reminiscence and life story work: A practice guide. Jessica Kingsley Publishers, 2011. |
| Background | Haight, Barbara K., and Barrett S. Haight. The handbook of structured life review. Baltimore, MD: Health Professions Press, 2007. |
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Participants received three weeks of usual care first. After a washout period of 1 week, they then received three weeks of the Life Story Book Intervention |
| BG002 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| years |
|
| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| Race/Ethnicity, Customized | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| Education, Categorical | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| Marital Status, Categorical | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| Length of Time at Residence | Count of Participants | Participants |
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| Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living (ADL) Continuous | The Index ranks adequacy of performance in the six functions of bathing, dressing, toileting, transferring, continence, and feeding. Clients are scored yes/no for independence in each of the six functions. A score of 6 indicates full function, 4 indicates moderate impairment, and 2 or less indicates severe functional impairment. 6 = High (patient independent) 0 = Low (patient very dependent). The mean score and standard deviation for each nursing home (A and B) was calculated to compare the physical functioning ability of each home's participants. | Mean | Standard Deviation | units on a scale |
|
| Religion | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| OG001 | Usual Care | Participants who received Usual Care in either the first or last 3 weeks of the study. |
|
|
|
| Primary | Change From Baseline in Mean Scores for Meaning in Life Questionnaire Sub-Scale Presence of Meaning (POM) at 3 Weeks. | Meaning in Life was measured using the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), created by Steger et al. The MLQ has two sub-scales which assess the presence of meaning (POM) (how much a person feels their life has meaning) and the search for meaning (how much a person strives to find meaning and understanding in their life). The two sub-scale measures, which consist of 10 items on a 7-point Likert scale, range from 1-absolutely true to 7-absolutely untrue: five items for presence of meaning (POM) and five items for search for meaning (SFM). A POM score > 24 indicates the person feels their life has meaning and purpose. | All participants who received each intervention and completed all study visits were included in the efficacy analysis. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | score on a scale | Baseline and 3 weeks |
|
|
|
|
| Primary | Change From Baseline in Mean Scores for Meaning in Life Questionnaire Sub-Scale Search for Meaning (SFM) at 3 Weeks | Meaning in Life was measured using the Meaning in Life Questionnaire (MLQ), created by Steger et al.The MLQ has two sub-scales which assess the presence of meaning (how much a person feels their life has meaning) and the search for meaning (how much a person strives to find meaning and understanding in their life). The two sub-scale measures, which consist of 10 items on a 7-point Likert scale, range from 1-absolutely true to 7-absolutely untrue: five items for presence of meaning (POM) and five items for search for meaning (SFM). An SFM score of < 24 indicates the person is not seeking meaning in their life. | All participants who received each intervention and completed all study visits were included in the efficacy analysis. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | score on a scale | Baseline and 3 weeks |
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|
|
| 0 |
| 21 |
| 0 |
| 21 |
| 0 |
| 21 |
| EG001 | Usual Care Intervention | Two comparable nursing homes (NH) were randomly allocated to either Life Story Book Intervention first (NH-A) or Usual Care first (NH-B) Participants in the same NH will receive the same intervention. | 0 | 21 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 21 |
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