Patients that were deemed admissible to the trial received 1 intra-articular injection of autologous conditioned serum (Orthokine®) for 4 consecutive weeks at the site of OA. These patients were then followed at 1 month and 6 months for clinical and functional evaluation using VAS for pain, WOMAC, and KSS.

Fifteen patients with clinical and radiological signs of OA of the knee were recruited for this study. 50mL of whole blood were taken using a special syringe containing CrSO4-coated grade glass beads in order to promote IL-1ra synthesis and aggregation.The incubation period lasted 7 hours after which, the blood-filled syringes were centrifuged and the serum supernatant was filtered and aliquoted into four 3mL portions. The aliquots were stored at -20oC until their use was necessary.

Patients received 1 intra-articular injection for 4 consecutive weeks at the site of OA.

24 questions each scaled out of 100mm. 5 questions regarding pain. 2 questions regarding rigidity. 17 questions regarding difficulty in various activities. Total score out of 240 expressed as a percentage. Minimum score 0. Max score 100. Greater score implies worsening symptomatology.

Clinical Score. Pain is measured out of 50 (no pain = 50, severe pain = 0). Range of motion (1 point for every 5 degress of flexion. Max points = 25). Stability; anteroposterior (<5 degrees 10, 5-10 degrees 5, >10 degrees 0); mediolateral (<5 degrees = 10, 5-10 degrees = 5, >10 degrees = 0); Flexion contracture (5-10 degrees = -2, 10-15 degrees = -5, 16-20 degrees = -10, >20 degrees = -15); Extension lag (<10 degrees = -5, 10-20 degrees = -10, 20 degrees = -15); Alignment (0-4 degrees = 0, 5-15 degrees = 3 points for each degree).

Functional Score. Consists of walking score based on how many blocks (100m) patient can walk without stopping (unlimited = 100, >10 blocks = 40, 5-10 blocks = 30, <5 blocks = 20, housebound = 10, unable = 0); Stairs (normal = 50, normal up down with support = 40, up and down with support = 30, up with support down unable = 15, unable = 0); Functional deductions (cane = -5, two canes = -10, crutches or walker = -20)

Subjective evaluation of pain reported by each patient on average since the last visit. Minimum = 0. Maximum = 10