The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical validity of a set of PROMIS pediatric person-reported outcome measures in patients with chronic kidney disease. The evaluation includes longitudinal assessments of how measures change in association with clinical changes.

The National Institutes of Health (NIH)-sponsored Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) network has developed over 20 pediatric instruments, both child-report and parent-proxy editions. Cross-sectional evaluations of the validity of the instruments have established that they are ready for integration into clinical research and practice. The next step in their ongoing evaluation is to assess their prospective clinical validity in a variety of health conditions. This study addresses the clinical evaluation of the measures in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Through baseline surveys and six follow-up surveys over a two-year period, Investigators are collecting self-report (child) and parent-proxy report of 11 pediatric PROMIS measures. Each of these PROMIS measures is described in the Main Outcome Measures section. Investigators are also collecting assessments of disease activity from clinical data. The selection of self-report and parent proxy patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures were determined through qualitative content validation. The analytic goal of this project is to evaluate baseline (cross-sectional) and longitudinal associations between PROMIS pediatric outcome measures and changes in the clinical status of patients with CKD. Our primary hypothesis is that as kidney function declines, self-reported health will worsen.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Child is 8-21 years old at time of enrollment
• Child is a Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) patient OR a child who receives pediatric nephrology care at a CKiD site that participates in PEDSnet, a national pediatric learning health system
• Child seen by a pediatric nephrologist in the past 24 months
• Child has two eGFR readings (computed from serum creatinine) between 6-89 ml/min at least 3 months apart (eGFR of this level indicates CKD)
• Child speaks English
• Parent is the parent or legal guardian for the child
• Parent speaks English

Exclusion Criteria:

• Child is currently receiving dialysis
• Child received a kidney transplant
• Child has a parent-reported cognitive limitation that would preclude them from completing a questionnaire
• Child does not speak English
• Parent does not speak English
• Parent is not the parent of legal guardian for the child

Participants were initially recruited through an existing study, the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) study. CKiD is a long-term prospective cohort study that currently follows 364 children with CKD from 54 North American centers. Recruitment was expanded to also enroll children between the ages of 8 and 21 years who had been seen at a nephrology clinic at two CKiD participating sites, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) and Cincinnati Children's Hospital and Medical Center (CCHMC) and had two eGFR readings (computed from serum creatinine) between 6-89 ml/min at least 3 months apart (eGFR of this level indicates CKD).