This study evaluates the effectiveness of stochastic resonance electric stimulation on neuromuscular control and proprioception in healthy and individuals with stroke.

Stroke is one of the leading causes of motor disability. The main intervention strategy in stroke rehabilitation is to induce cortical plasticity for motor re-learning.

It has been demonstrated that electrical stimulation applied to the periphery can elicit abundant sensory afferent inputs to enhance excitability and activation area in the sensorimotor cortex. Recent evidence suggested that a new type of electrical stimulation pattern, stochastic resonance stimulation, is capable of efficiently enhancing the activation of peripheral and central nervous system. Therefore, the purpose of this study are to identify the effects of stochastic resonance electrical stimulation on neuromuscular control and proprioception, and to investigate the effectiveness of combining stochastic resonance electrical stimulation with rehabilitation program on post stroke motor function recovery.

In first stage

Inclusion Criteria:

healthy adults without history of neurological disorders or limitation in range of motion for thumb flexion

In the second stage

Inclusion Criteria:

1. first-ever cerebral cortical region involved chronic stroke, onset over a month
2. able to perform active grasp on the affected side with the scores of manual muscle test at least two points
3. at stable medical condition for intervention confirmed by a specialized physician.

The exclusion criteria were

1. history of other neurological disorders
2. cognitive impairment (Mini-Mental State Examination score < 24, MMSE)29
3. unable to follow instructions
4. contraindications of ES
5. under 20 years old.