1. To establish doctor-nurse-patient cooperative analgesic linkage program.
2. Evaluate the effect of doctor-nurse-patient cooperative analgesic linkage program on movement evoked pain after laparotomy for patients with hepatobiliary and pancreatic disease through quasi-experimental study.

Part I The establishment of doctor-nurse-patient cooperative analgesic linkage program

1. Based on literature review and clinical investigation results, initially make a doctor-nurse-patient cooperative analgesic linkage program through discussion in experts consensus meeting.
2. Using Delphi method, determine the doctor-nurse-patient cooperative analgesic linkage program after two rounds consultation.

Part II Clinical application study of doctor-nurse-patient cooperative analgesic linkage program.

Conduct non-randomized control study in corresponding period. 80 patients from two wards which managed by the same medical and nursing team were divided into experimental and control group. Patients in the control group were received routine post-operative analgesia pump and analgesics, and functional rehabilitation, while ones in the experimental group were received doctor-nurse-patient cooperative analgesic linkage program. Evaluate the effect of pain control during rehabilitation, adverse events during rehabilitation, patients' satisfaction of pain control.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Consent to the study.
• Normal cognitive ability and speak Chinese
• Patients received selective laparotomy under general anesthesia.
• Length of stay is longer than three days.
• Patients who are allowed to do rehabilitation.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with Severe organic disease, chronic pain, history of brain injury, history of drug or alcohol addiction.
• Psychiatric patients
• Consciousness disorder
• Patients contradict to opioid medications