Through a multi-center large-sample retrospective study, the epidemiological changes of TSM in Guangxi have been reviewed, its incidence trend was understood to attract the attention of clinicians; the multiple programs of antifungal therapy for HIV-negative host TSM were compared in terms of effect on clinical remission rate, effective rate, recurrence rate, mortality and toxic side effects on HIV-negative host TSM; their prognosis and recurrence indicators were clarified, and a therapeutic effect evaluation system was established, providing a standard treatment and diagnosis scheme for clinical practice; and simultaneously the positive rate of G and GM experiments in respect of TSM, Aspergillus and other fungi was identified to provide TSM with biological diagnostic indicators. Improve the level of understanding and diagnosis and treatment of HIV-negative TSM in the whole area. A comprehensive efficacy evaluation system and standard treatment program was established to provide a basis for standardized treatment of TSM in HIV-negative hosts. The observational indicators included: 2-week all-cause mortality; 24-week all-cause mortality; clinical improvement time; level of decrease of fungus in the blood culture medium two weeks before treatment; recurrence; appearance of adverse drug reaction at the level 3 and above.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Eligible patients were HIV-negative adults who had talaromycosis that was confirmed by either microscopy or culture.

Exclusion Criteria:

• patients were HIV-infected adults who had talaromycosis that was confirmed by either microscopy or culture.

We studied the clinical characteristics and prognoses of patients with infections due to Talaromyces marneffei who were admitted to Guangxi Hospital, This province is located in subtropical southern China, where Talaromyces marneffei is endemic.