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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of concurrent radiotherapy with Apatinib in patients with Brain Metastases from drive gene wide-type Non-small-cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC).
Brain metastases (BM) develop in 22-54% of NSCLC patients during the disease course. NSCLC patients with BM with a median overall survival (OS) of 2-3 months when treated with systemic corticosteroid alone, and a median OS of 3-6 months when treated with whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT). Recently, several studies have reported the benefits of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for EGFR mutation NSCLC patients with BM. The median OS of EGFR mutation patients with BM significantly improved with TKIs treatment, which ranged from 11.8 to 18.8 months. However, for the EGFR wide-type NSCLC patients with BM, the prognosis remains poor.
It was found that the combination of anti-VEGF drugs and brain radiotherapy can not only reduce the volume of peritumoral brain edema (PTBE), reduce the intracranial pressure, relieve the symptoms of nerve compression, reduce the risk of brain hernia during brain radiotherapy, and but also inhibit the hypoxia of tumor cells, increase the radiosensitivity of tumor cells, and ultimately improve the efficacy of radiotherapy.
Apatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor that selectively inhibits the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and mildly inhibits c-Kit and c-SRC, has been reported to show efficacy among some patients with malignant supratentorial gliomas.
Therefore, the investigators initiated this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of concurrent radiotherapy with Apatinib in patients with Brain Metastases from drive gene wide-type Non-small-cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC).
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Apatinib combined with Radiotherapy | Experimental | Drugs: Apatinib Apatinib (500 mg/d) was given orally for one week before the brain radiotherapy, and then, continued to be administered at the same way during the brain radiotherapy period (3 weeks). It was given for another one week after the end of the brain radiotherapy. Radiotherapy: Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). According to the patients KPS score, GPA score, the number and size of metastatic lesions can be selected:
|
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| Radiotherapy alone | No Intervention | Radiotherapy: Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). According to the patients KPS score, GPA score, the number and size of metastatic lesions can be selected:
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apatinib | Drug | radiotherapy with Apatinib |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Intracranial progression-free survival (iPFS) | Defined as the time from randomisation to progression of intracranial disease or death from any cause. | Evaluated in 24 months since the treatment began |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Disease control rate (DCR) | Proportion of patients with reduction or keeping in stable in tumor burden of a predefined amount | 4 weeks after Radiotherapy. |
| Objective response rate (ORR) | Proportion of patients with reduction in tumor burden of a predefined amount |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Desheng Hu | Associate dean | Study Director |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hubei Cancer hospital | Wuhan | Hubei | 430079 | China |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 33187916 | Derived | Ma J, Pi G, Bi J, Li Y, He H, Li Y, Hu D, Verma V, Han G. Concurrent Apatinib and Brain Radiotherapy in Patients With Brain Metastases From Driver Mutation-negative Non-small-cell Lung Cancer: Study Protocol for an Open-label Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin Lung Cancer. 2021 Mar;22(2):e211-e214. doi: 10.1016/j.cllc.2020.10.007. Epub 2020 Oct 21. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001932 | Brain Neoplasms |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D016543 | Central Nervous System Neoplasms |
| D009423 | Nervous System Neoplasms |
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C553458 | apatinib |
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| 4 weeks after Radiotherapy. |
| intracranial time to progress (ITTP) | Defined as the time from randomisation to progression of intracranial disease | Tumor assesment at 4 weeks and 12 weeks after radiotherapy, and then every 12 weeks, up to 24 months |
| Overall survival (OS) | Defined as the time from randomisation to death from any cause | Tumor assesment at 4 weeks and 12 weeks after radiotherapy, and then every 12 weeks, up to 24 months |
| Rate of Peritumoalbrainedema (PTBE) | PTBE volume was measured in a similar manner by measuring the high SI region in T2WI that was clearly distinguished from normal tissues, including the tumor. Edema index was calculated by dividing the PTBE volume by tumor volume. The Edema index represents the degree of the PTBE, compared to tumor volume, with an index of 1.0 indicating no PTBE development. | 4 weeks after Radiotherapy. |
| D001927 |
| Brain Diseases |
| D002493 | Central Nervous System Diseases |
| D009422 | Nervous System Diseases |