Alternations of Intestinal Microbiota and Health Impact in CKD

Alternations of Intestinal Microbiota and Health Impact in Chronic Kidney Disease (AIM-HI CKD): A Cohort Study

This study is aimed to evaluate the impact of dietary pattern, gut microbiota and their interactions on clinical outcomes among patient with CKD stage 3-5.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with CKD stage 3-5 defined as eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 calculated with the use of the four-variable Modification of Diet in Renal Disease formula who have not yet on dialysis therapy.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with active cancer
• Patients with liver cirrhosis
• Patients have taken antibiotics within three months before screening for inclusion.
• Patients with a cardiac pacemaker or metallic implants,
• Patients are amputees
• Pregnant women
• Patients with inherited renal diseases