This study is designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the current treatment option and outcome of pediatric lupus nephritis patients in China. Investigators will perform prospective registration study among at least 35 pediatric nephrology medical centers in China.

Inclusion Criteria:

Diagnosis of lupus nephritis:

• Diagnosis of SLE according to the 1997 update of the 1982 American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for classification of systemic lupus erythematosus
• Either of the following: Positive urine protein detected 3 times within a week, or 24-hour urine protein>150mg, or UPC>0.2mg/mg, or urinary microalbumin above normal range detected 3 times within a week, or microscopic examination erythrocyte>5 RBC/HP, or renal dysfunction including glomerular and/or tubular dyfunction, or abnormal renal biopsy and the pathological changes are in accordance with lupus nephritis
• The pathological diagnosis of kidney conforms to the International Society of Nephrology and Society of Renal Pathology (ISN/RPS) standards in 2003

Exclusion Criteria (either of the following criteria):

• Complicated with other systemic diseases, including basic diseases with clinical significance
• Patients with tumors
• Patients with abnormal glucose metabolism
• Immunodeficiency patients
• Patients diagnosed as tuberculosis, or hepatitis B, or hepatitis C within three months before treatment
• Patients with other connective tissue diseases (such as Sjogren's syndrome, mixed connective tissue disease, etc.)
• Drug-induced lupus, congenital lupus and other secondary lupus
• Renal histopathology with non-inflammatory necrotizing angiopathy or thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA)

A total of 1200 pediatric lupus nephritis patients younger than 18 years old will be enrolled from more than 35 pediatric nephrology medical centers nationwide

Currently, IPD is not available to other researchers