This study will investigate the safety and efficacy of a silk protein microparticle-based filler for vocal fold injection augmentation to treat dysphonia/dysphagia secondary to vocal fold paralysis. Participants will receive one injection and follow-up for a planned period of 12 months.

Vocal fold paralysis is a clinical condition that arises commonly as a complication of surgery, endotracheal intubation, malignancy, or idiopathic etiologies. It often results in glottal insufficiency, which is the inability of the true vocal folds to meet and achieve complete closure during normal physiologic functions such as speech, swallowing, and coughing. The presence of vocal fold paralysis with glottal insufficiency can lead to decreased quality-of-life, as well as increase risks of complications such as aspiration pneumonia.

Current treatments for vocal fold paralysis are based around techniques to medialize the paralyzed vocal fold. One manner in which this is done is via injection of a filler or bulking agent into the vocal fold in order to augment it. Injection augmentation has many advantages including its minimally invasive nature, overall safety and low risk/complication rate, immediate clinical effect, and ability to perform it at the bedside or in-office. Various materials are used for injection augmentation including autologous fat, hyaluronic acid, collagen, carboxymethylcellulose, and calcium hydroxyapatite. However, all of the current injection choices have individual limitations such as temporary effect, unpredictability due to variable resorption by the body, unfavorable mechanical properties, and challenging handling attributes.

Silk is derived from the Bombyx mori silk worm and has a long history as a surgical biomaterial. Surgical scaffolds derived from silk have been used for reconstructive surgery, due to its ability to allow cellular infiltration and encourage tissue regeneration/remodeling. Given the potential advantages of such a material, Brown et al engineered and studied a novel silk protein microparticle-based filler material suitable for injection augmentation.

Patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis identified at the study sites will be offered participation in this study to receive injection augmentation of the paralyzed vocal fold with the filler material under investigation. Outcome measures evaluated pre- and post-injection and over follow-up visits will include various patient reported quality of life indices, objective clinical assessments of voice, laryngeal videostroboscopy examinations, and acoustic/aerodynamic testing. The investigators hypothesize that the novel silk protein microparticle-based filler will have a favorable safety profile for use as an injectable material in the human larynx and it will produce durable clinical benefit lasting up to 12 months.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Unilateral vocal fold immobility with glottal insufficiency present for at least 2 weeks from onset
• Willingness to partake in study and follow-up as documented by signed informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• History of allergy/hypersensitivity to silk or silk containing products
• History of allergy/hypersensitivity to hyaluronic acid (HA) or HA containing products
• History of allergy/hypersensitivity to lidocaine or amide-based anesthetics
• History of an autoimmune condition
• Significant immunocompromised state (i.e. immunosuppression s/p transplantation)
• Pregnancy
• Active infection or inflammation in the larynx
• Comorbid known laryngeal conditions including but not limited to vocal fold scar, vocal tremor, laryngeal dystonia, etc. that would warrant other interventions for optimal treatment
• History of laryngeal surgery
• Life expectancy of less than 6 months