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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| National Center for Kidney Diseases and Surgery | UNKNOWN |
| Almughtaribeen University | UNKNOWN |
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Gum Arabic is a naturally produced gummy exudate from Acacia Senegal tree. It's a complex polysaccharide with proven prebiotic properties. Through its effect on intestinal bacteria, it's expected to reduce systemic levels of toxic bacterial metabolites and reduce inflammatory markers.By increasing fecal bacteria mass it's also expected to reduce blood urea level. These changes are potentially beneficial to hemodialysis patients who suffer from disturbed intestinal flora and a chronic inflammatory status. The investigators hypothesize that supplementing the diet of hemodialysis patients with Gum Arabic for four weeks would reduce inflammatory markers, increase total anti-oxidant capacity and reduce blood urea concentration.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Experimental | Patients will receive 10 g of Gum Arabic supplementation daily for four weeks. Gum Arabic is provided in the form of easily soluble granules. Participants are asked to dissolve it in water or juice and drink it. |
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| B | Placebo Comparator | Patients will receive 5 g of maltodextrin supplementation daily for four weeks. Maltodextrin is an easily digested polysacharide provided in the form of soluble whitish powder that has no taste or odor. Participants are asked to dissolve it in water or juice and drink it. |
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| C | Experimental | Patients will receive 20 g of Gum Arabic supplementation daily for four weeks |
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| D | Experimental | Patients will receive 40 g of Gum Arabic supplementation daily for four weeks |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gum Arabic | Dietary Supplement | Instantly soluble granules of Gum Arabic; 100% Acacia Senegal |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs CRP) level | Change in serum level of highly sensitive C-reactive protein. | 4 weeks |
| Total anti-oxidant capacity | Change in serum total anti-oxidant capacity | 4 weeks |
| Blood urea level | Change in urea blood level | 4 weeks |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Serum calcium | Change in serum calcium level | 4 weeks |
| Serum phosphorus | Change in serum phosphorus level | 4 weeks |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Sarra Elamin, MD | Consultant Nephrologist | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Doctor Salma Center for Kidney Diseases | Khartoum | 11111 | Sudan |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 37870148 | Derived | Cooper TE, Khalid R, Chan S, Craig JC, Hawley CM, Howell M, Johnson DW, Jaure A, Teixeira-Pinto A, Wong G. Synbiotics, prebiotics and probiotics for people with chronic kidney disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023 Oct 23;10(10):CD013631. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD013631.pub2. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007676 | Kidney Failure, Chronic |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D051436 | Renal Insufficiency, Chronic |
| D051437 | Renal Insufficiency |
| D007674 | Kidney Diseases |
| D014570 | Urologic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006170 | Gum Arabic |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D053149 | Plant Gums |
| D001704 | Biopolymers |
| D011108 | Polymers |
| D046911 | Macromolecular Substances |
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Randomized and controlled clinical trial with parallel design
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The placebo and the Gum Arabic are provided to patients in similar unlabeled packages
| Placebo | Other | Maltodextrin powder, easily soluble |
|
| Serum uric acid | Change in serum uric acid level | 4 weeks |
| D052776 |
| Female Urogenital Diseases |
| D005261 | Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D052801 | Male Urogenital Diseases |
| D002908 | Chronic Disease |
| D020969 | Disease Attributes |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D011134 |
| Polysaccharides |
| D002241 | Carbohydrates |
| D053147 | Plant Exudates |
| D001688 | Biological Products |
| D045424 | Complex Mixtures |