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Prostate biopsy was offered to 47 consecutive patients with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) over 4 ng/dl or suspicious digital rectal examination (DRE) of whom 16 had undergone a biopsy. Comprehensive validated questionnaires at TIME 0 (pre-biopsy), TIME 1 (before diagnosis, 20 days after biopsy) and TIME 2 (after diagnosis, 40 days after biopsy) accessed patients' erectile (IIEF-5) and voiding (IPSS) functions, Beck scales measured anxiety (BAI), hopelessness (BHS) and depression (BDI), added to the emotional thermometers including five visual analog scales for distress, anxiety, depression, anger and need for help. Mann-Whitney or Friedman tests were obtained among times and studied variables.
A prospective, longitudinal and observational study in which the sexually active patients were evaluated in the Urology Department of the city of PaulÃnia, submitted to biopsy guided by transrectal ultrasound after ethics committee approval (355.357).
Consecutive patients who were attended by urologist and present prostate cancer suspicions (PSA> 4 ng / dL and/or rectal examination (TR) were submitted a BXP. They were evaluated at three different moments of the biopsy:
Validated instruments were applied - IIEF-5 (erectile function); - IPSS (voiding function); - Beck scales - BAI (anxiety), BHS (hopelessness), BDI (depression); and - Emotional thermometers.
The comparison among the moments (T0, T1, and T2) was performed through Friedman (analysis of variance) for repeated measures with the variables transformed in stations. The comparison between patients and variables was performed using the Mann-Whitney test. The sample power was calculated and the level of significance considered was 5%.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Questionnaire | Behavioral | Interview |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Erectile Function | International Index of Erectile Function - IIEF-5 index (range 0-25; higher better) | Change from time of biopsy indication (T0) compared to 20 days after procedure (T1) and 20 days after pathological report result (T2, 40 days) |
| Voiding Function | International Prostatic Symptoms Score - IPSS (range 0-35; higher worse) | Change from time of biopsy indication (T0) compared to 20 days after procedure (T1) and 20 days after pathological report result (T2, 40 days) |
| Beck scale | Beck Anxiety Index - BAI (0-63; higher worse) | Change from time of biopsy indication (T0) compared to 20 days after procedure (T1) and 20 days after pathological report result (T2, 40 days) |
| Emotional thermometers | Thermometer score (range 0-10; higher worse) | Change from time of biopsy indication (T0) compared to 20 days after procedure (T1) and 20 days after pathological report result (T2, 40 days) |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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Consecutive patients who were attended by a urologist with prostate biopsy indication.
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hospital das ClÃnicas Unicamp | Campinas | São Paulo | 13083-887 | Brazil |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20937009 | Background | Naccarato AM, Reis LO, Matheus WE, Ferreira U, Denardi F. Barriers to prostate cancer screening: psychological aspects and descriptive variables---is there a correlation? Aging Male. 2011 Mar;14(1):66-71. doi: 10.3109/13685538.2010.522277. Epub 2010 Oct 12. | |
| 31057971 | Derived | Laranja WW, Sanches BCF, Voris BRI, Alonso JCC, Simoes FA, Rejowski RF, Reis LO. The Biopsychosocial Burden of Prostate Biopsy at the Time of Its Indication, Procedure, and Pathological Report. Prostate Cancer. 2019 Apr 1;2019:2653708. doi: 10.1155/2019/2653708. eCollection 2019. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011471 | Prostatic Neoplasms |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005834 | Genital Neoplasms, Male |
| D014565 | Urogenital Neoplasms |
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011795 | Surveys and Questionnaires |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003625 | Data Collection |
| D004812 | Epidemiologic Methods |
| D008919 | Investigative Techniques |
| D017531 | Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms |
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| D005832 |
| Genital Diseases, Male |
| D000091662 | Genital Diseases |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D011469 | Prostatic Diseases |
| D052801 | Male Urogenital Diseases |
| D011787 | Quality of Health Care |
| D017530 | Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation |
| D011634 | Public Health |
| D004778 | Environment and Public Health |