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Purpose to evaluate the effects of buccal misoprostol with or without intravenous tranexamic acid (TA) in comparison with placebo on reducing post-partum hemorrhage in pregnant women undergoing emergent cesarean section
The American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) defines postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) as the loss of more than 1,000 mL after cesarean delivery. In the majority of cases, uterine atony is responsible for the occurrence of excessive bleeding during or following childbirth. The Millennium Development Goal of reducing the maternal mortality ratio by 75 % by 2015 will remain beyond the investigator reach unless prioritize the prevention and treatment of PPH in low-resource countries. Consequently, the administration of uterotonic drugs during cesarean section (CS) has become essential to diminish the risk of PPH and improve maternal safety. Misoprostol is a prostaglandin E1 analog proven in several randomized controlled trials to be effective in preventing PPH because of its strong uterotonic effects. In addition, misoprostol is inexpensive, stable at room temperature, and easy to administer. Misoprostol has been broadly studied in the prevention and treatment of PPH after vaginal delivery; however, its use in conjunction with CS has not been investigated as much.T he buccal route is recognized as having the greatest benefit due to its rapid uptake, long-acting effect, and greatest bioavailability compared with other routes of misoprostol administration. Anti-fibrinolytic agents, such as tranexamic acid (TA), reduce the risk of death in bleeding trauma patients. On the other hand, it has been suggested that TA administration reduces blood loss and the incidence of PPH in females after vaginal or elective CS. The investigators designed this study to evaluate and compare these two new therapeutic options in controlling PPH following emergent CS.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Misoprostol with TA | Active Comparator | 400 μg of buccal misoprostol (two tablets) plus 1 gm tranexamic acid in 100 ml saline by iv rout |
|
| Misoprostol with placebo to TA | Active Comparator | 400 μg of buccal misoprostol (two tablets) plus 110 ml saline by iv rout |
|
| placebo to Misoprostol and TA | Placebo Comparator | placebo to misoprostol plus placebo to tranexamic acid |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Misoprostol | Drug | 400 μg of buccal misoprostol |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| estimation of intraoperative blood loss (ml) | measure Intraoperative blood loss in ml by gravimetric methods | during the operation |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| amount of postoperative blood loss | measure amount of blood loss post operative in ml by gravimetric methods | 6 hours post operative |
| number of patient with postpartum hemorrhage | calculation of the number of the patients with blood loss >1000 ml |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
age >18 years, singleton pregnancy, term gestation and decision made for a cesarean section in labor
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| hany f sallam, md | Contact | 01022336052 | hany.farouk@aswu.edu.eg |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| hany f sallam, md | Aswan University Hospital | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aswan University | Recruiting | Aswān | 81528 | Egypt |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D006473 | Postpartum Hemorrhage |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D007744 | Obstetric Labor Complications |
| D011248 | Pregnancy Complications |
| D005261 | Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D016595 | Misoprostol |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D011459 | Prostaglandins E, Synthetic |
| D011465 | Prostaglandins, Synthetic |
| D011453 | Prostaglandins |
| D015777 | Eicosanoids |
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A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial
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a double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled trial
| TA | Drug | 1 gm of tranexamic acid in 100 ml saline iv |
|
|
| placebo to misoprostol | Drug | placebo tablets to misoprostol buccal |
|
|
| placebo to TA | Drug | 110 ml saline iv |
|
|
| 24 hours post operative |
| D011644 | Puerperal Disorders |
| D014592 | Uterine Hemorrhage |
| D006470 | Hemorrhage |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D005231 |
| Fatty Acids, Unsaturated |
| D005227 | Fatty Acids |
| D008055 | Lipids |
| D012898 | Autacoids |
| D018836 | Inflammation Mediators |
| D001685 | Biological Factors |