Ultraslow Full-power SWL Versus Slow Power-ramping SWL in Stones With High Attenuation Value

Ultraslow Full-power SWL Versus Slow Power-ramping SWL in Stones With High Attenuation Value

Ultraslow full-power SWL versus slow power-ramping SWL in stones with high attenuation value

To evaluate the efficacy of ultraslow rate of SWL versus slow rate, power ramping SWL.

Inclusion Criteria:

• single renal stone less than or equal to 3 cm (2 cm for lower calyceal stones)
• radio-opaque stone
• high attenuation value (≥ 1000 HU) stone

Exclusion Criteria:

• Abnormal renal anatomy
• renal insufficiency
• solitary kidney
• coagulopathies
• uncontrolled hypertension
• renal artery or aortic aneurysm
• active urinary tract infection
• pregnancy
• severe skeletal malformations (spinal deformity) precluding proper stone localization
• skin to stone distance (SSD) > 11 cm
• BMI > 30 Kgm/m2