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| Name | Class |
|---|---|
| University of Washington | OTHER |
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The main purpose of this study is to test whether a Peer-Enhanced Motivational Interviewing (PMI) intervention, which has been successful with college students, results in superior alcohol and marijuana use outcomes for emerging adults (EA), ages 18-29, who are clients of Federally-qualified Health Centers, and their peers. In the first phase of the study, seventy-five peer dyads (total n = 150, ntarget client = 75, npeer = 75) will be randomized to receive either Peer-Enhanced Motivational Interviewing (PMI), Motivational Interviewing only (MI) or Waitlist Control (WC.) In the second, expanded phase of the study, an additional 325 peer dyads (total n = 650, ntarget client = 325, npeer = 325) will be randomized to receive either Peer-Enhanced Motivational Interviewing, Motivational Interviewing only (MI) or Waitlist Control.
This project randomizes peer dyads, consisting of one Emerging Adult (EA), 18-29 years old, who both has a substance use problem and attends a Federally-qualified Health Center (i.e. target client), and one peer, to one of three conditions. In the Peer-Enhanced Motivational Interviewing (PMI) condition, target clients and peers will receive separate one-hour sessions of Motivational Interviewing (MI), an empirically-supported treatment that helps individuals work through ambivalence about making changes in substance use. MI is thought to work because it is a non-confrontational intervention where a therapist empathetically reviews substance use behaviors, listens empathetically, and reinforces any client statements indicating a desire to change. With the "peer" of each PMI dyad, the therapist presents peer with data about the extent of the target client's substance use, builds the peer's motivation to help their friend, and teaches the peer communication skills they can use to influence the target client's substance use. In the Motivational Interviewing only (MI) condition, the target client alone will receive the MI intervention with no peer participation. In the Waitlist (WC) condition, target clients and peers can receive the intervention at 2 months into the follow-up period for the PMI group.
The main purpose of this study is to test whether a Peer-Enhanced Motivational Interviewing (PMI) intervention, which has been successful with college students, results in superior alcohol and marijuana use outcomes for emerging adults (EA), ages 18-29, who are clients of Federally-qualified Health Centers, and their peers. Seventy-five peer dyads (total n = 150, ntarget client = 75, npeer = 75) will be randomized to receive either Peer-Enhanced Motivational Interviewing (PMI), Motivational Interviewing only (MI) or Waitlist Control (WC.)
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Peer-enhanced Motivational Interviewing | Experimental | In the Peer-Enhanced Motivational Interviewing (PMI) condition, target clients and peers will receive separate one-hour sessions of Motivational Interviewing (MI), an empirically-supported treatment that helps individuals work through ambivalence about making changes in substance use. Mi is thought to work because it is a non-confrontational intervention where a therapist empathetically reviews substance use behaviors, listens empathetically, and reinforces any client statements indicating a desire to change. With the "peer" of each PMI dyad, the therapist presents peer with data about the extent of the target client's substance use, builds the peer's motivation to help their friend, and teaches the peer communication skills they can use to influence the target client's substance use. |
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| Motivational Interviewing | Active Comparator | In the Motivational Interviewing (MI) condition, target clients only will receive one-hour sessions of Motivational Interviewing (MI), an empirically-supported treatment that helps individuals work through ambivalence about making changes in substance use. |
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| Waitlist Control | Placebo Comparator | Those dyads randomized to the Waitlist Control (WC) condition willl be offered teh PMI intervention at month 2 post-intervention for the PMI arm. |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Peer-enhanced Motivational Interviewing | Behavioral | In the Peer-Enhanced Motivational Interviewing (PMI) condition, target clients and peers will receive separate one-hour sessions of Motivational Interviewing (MI), an empirically-supported treatment that helps individuals work through ambivalence about making changes in substance use. MI is thought to work because it is a non-confrontational intervention where a therapist empathetically reviews substance use behaviors, listens empathetically, and reinforces any client statements indicating a desire to change. With the "peer" of each PMI dyad, the therapist presents peer with data about the extent of the target client's substance use, builds the peer's motivation to help their friend, and teaches the peer communication skills they can use to influence the target client's substance use. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change: Global Appraisal of Individual Needs (GAIN) Substance Problem Scale | A 16-item scale composed of lifetime symptoms of substance abuse, dependence, and substance-induced health and psychological disorders based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) -IV. | Baseline and at month 1, 2, 3, 6 and 9 post-intervention period |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Change: Marijuana Consequences Questionnaire (MACQ) | A 50-item self-report measure modeled after the Young Adult Alcohol Consequences Questionnaire (YAACQ) assessing marijuana problems over the past 6 months. A 6-month time frame was chosen to adequately capture potential infrequent consequences among marijuana users. Each item is rated dichotomously (yes/no) to indicate whether the marijuana-related problem occurred in the last 6 months. |
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Inclusion Criteria:
For the Target Client
For the Peer
Exclusion Criteria:
For the Target Client
For the Peer
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| Name | Role | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Douglas C Smith, PhD | Contact | 217-333-5308 | smithdc@illinois.edu | |
| Maggie A Helms, MBA | Contact | 217-300-1159 | mhlms@illinois.edu |
| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Douglas C Smith, PhD | University of Illinois Urbana Champaign School of Social Work | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| School of Social Work | Urbana | Illinois | 61801 | United States |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D019966 | Substance-Related Disorders |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D064419 | Chemically-Induced Disorders |
| D001523 | Mental Disorders |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D062405 | Motivational Interviewing |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D037001 | Directive Counseling |
| D003376 | Counseling |
| D008605 | Mental Health Services |
| D004191 | Behavioral Disciplines and Activities |
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| Motivational Interviewing | Behavioral | In the Motivational Interviewing (PMI) condition, target clients only will receive one-hour sessions of Motivational Interviewing (MI), an empirically-supported treatment that helps individuals work through ambivalence about making changes in substance use. MI is thought to work because it is a non-confrontational intervention where a therapist empathetically reviews substance use behaviors, listens empathetically, and reinforces any client statements indicating a desire to change. |
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| Waitlist Control | Other | Dyads randomized to this intervention will have no contact with study personnel until 2 months after the PMI group has completed the PMI intervention. Then those in the Waitlist Control condition will receive the full PMI protocol. |
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| Baseline and at month 1, 2, 3, 6 and 9 post-intervention period |
| Change: Days of Combined Cannabis and Alcohol Use | Past month measure of days (out of past 30) when participant used both marijuana and alcohol (based on Stein et al., 2018) | Baseline and at month 1, 2, 3, 6 and 9 post-intervention period |
| Change: Days of Cannabis and Binge Alcohol Use | Past month measure of days (out of past 30) of use of either substance. Binge drinking calculated from Time-Line Follow-Back (TLFB) as number of days of consuming 4+ (females)/5+ (males) drinks. Items drawn from GAIN's Substance Frequency Scale. | Baseline and at month 1, 2, 3, 6 and 9 post-intervention period |
| Change: Drinking Consequences | From the Rutgers Alcohol Problems Index and used to indicate indicates the frequency of experiencing negative consequences due to alcohol use. | Baseline and at month 1, 2, 3, 6 and 9 post-intervention period |
| Change: Urine Testing | National Institute of Drub Abuse-approved urine test kit to determine presence of Marijuana metabolites in urine. | Baseline and at month 1, 2, 3, 6 and 9 post-intervention period |
| D006296 | Health Services |
| D005159 | Health Care Facilities Workforce and Services |