This registry aims to provide the first prospective, multicentric database of patients with malignant hypertension. It will allow to assess modern epidemiology of the disease, diversity of current management and care pathway, to deepen our pathophysiological knowledges, to modernize the definition of this form of hypertension and its diagnostic criteria. The network that will emerge will finally lead to the opportunity of setting up therapeutic trials and establishing recommendations based on solid scientific evidence.

Malignant hypertension is the most severe form of high blood pressure, fatal if left untreated. It has not disappeared, with an increasing incidence. Patients with the disease, mainly young (35 to 55 years of age), have an unfavorable cardiovascular prognosis (14% of cardiovascular and renal events at 4 years). Despite these facts, scientific research on the subject remains limited. The definitions and diagnostic criteria have not changed since 1929, and the therapeutic recommendations remain empirical.

This first prospective and multicentric registry will increase and modernize the knowledge of the disease. From these data, diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations based on solid scientific evidence could be developed.

The investigators want to first recruit 500 patients and define their prognosis at 5 years. The impact of the patient's phenotype, type and number of target organs affected will be studied.

A modern definition, adapted to these results, could be proposed. The epidemiology of the disease, the care pathways, the target organ disorders and the management carried out in the centers will be described in detail.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Malignant hypertension according to the classic definition (Severe hypertension, above 180/110 associated with severe hypertensive retinopathy)
• Severe hypertension (above 180/110) associated with acute damage of 3 target organ due to high blood pressure

Exclusion Criteria:

• Age < 18 years old
• Patients who cannot freely give their consent, or patients who refuse to participate
• Dialysis

Patients with malignant hypertension