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This study examined whether remembered meal satisfaction (encompassing memory for meal liking and satiety) can be manipulated in the laboratory and whether this influences later food intake.
This study examined whether remembered meal satisfaction (encompassing memory for meal liking and satiety) can be manipulated in the laboratory and whether this influences later food intake. In a between-subjects design participants consumed a fixed lunch and then rehearsed the satisfying or dissatisfying aspects of the meal, or a neutral experience (control), in order to manipulate memory for meal satisfaction. Three hours later, in a second visit to the laboratory, participants completed a bogus taste-test to measure food intake and meal memory measures.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Satisfying rehearsal | Experimental | Participants completed the satisfying rehearsal task where they rehearsed the satisfying aspects of the lunchtime meal. |
|
| Dissatisfying rehearsal | Experimental | Participants completed the dissatisfying rehearsal task where they rehearsed the dissatisfying aspects of the lunchtime meal. |
|
| Neutral rehearsal | Active Comparator | Participants completed the neutral rehearsal task where they rehearsed their journey to campus that day. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Satisfying rehearsal task | Behavioral | Participants rehearsed satisfying aspects of the lunchtime meal they just ate. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Ad libitum snack intake | Energy intake (kcal) measured from a bogus taste-test task. Lower intake in those in the satisfying rehearsal condition compared to the control condition and greater intake in the dissatisfying rehearsal condition compared to the control condition were expected. | Measured during second visit that took place 3 hours after the baseline visit |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Memory for general satisfaction | Memory for general satisfaction with the lunchtime meal was measured via five questions: 'Overall, how satisfying did you find the lunchtime meal?', 'Overall, how dissatisfying did you find the lunchtime meal?', 'I liked the lunchtime meal', 'How satisfied were you with the taste of the lunchtime meal?' and 'How dissatisfied were you with the taste of the lunchtime meal?'. Responses were measured using 100-point visual analogue scales with anchors 'not at all' and 'extremely' (0-100). A higher score in those in the satisfying rehearsal condition compared to the control condition and a lower score in the dissatisfying rehearsal condition compared to the control condition were expected. |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Hunger before lunch | Hunger before lunch was measured via a single question asking 'How hungry do you feel right now?'. Responses were measured via a 100-point visual analogue scale with anchors 'not at all' and 'extremely'. No directional hypothesis was made for this outcome. | Measured before lunch (during baseline visit) |
Inclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Eric Robinson, PhD | University of Liverpool | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Liverpool | Liverpool | United Kingdom |
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| ID | Type | URL | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10.5255/UKDA-SN-853370 | Individual Participant Data Set | View IPD |
IPD is available on the UK Data Service and the study protocol is available on the Open Science Framework.
Data is already available.
There are no restrictions on access to the IPD or study protocol.
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D050177 | Overweight |
| D009765 | Obesity |
| D005247 | Feeding Behavior |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D044343 | Overnutrition |
| D009748 | Nutrition Disorders |
| D009750 | Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases |
| D001835 | Body Weight |
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| Dissatisfying rehearsal task | Behavioral | Participants rehearsed dissatisfying aspects of the lunchtime meal they just ate. |
|
| Neutral rehearsal | Behavioral | Participants rehearsed their journey to campus that day. |
|
| Measured during second visit that took place 3 hours after the baseline visit |
| Memory for satisfaction with meal satiety | Memory for general satisfaction with the lunchtime meal was measured via two questions: 'How satisfied were you with how filling the lunchtime meal was?' and 'How dissatisfied were you with how filling the lunchtime meal was?'. Responses were measured using 100-point visual analogue scales with anchors 'not at all' and 'extremely' (0-100). A higher score in those in the satisfying rehearsal condition compared to the control condition and a lower score in the dissatisfying rehearsal condition compared to the control condition were expected. | Measured during second visit that took place 3 hours after the baseline visit |
| Hunger after lunch |
Hunger before lunch was measured via a single question asking 'How hungry do you feel right now?'. Responses were measured via a 100-point visual analogue scale with anchors 'not at all' and 'extremely'. No directional hypothesis was made for this outcome. |
| Measured after lunch (during baseline visit) |
| Hunger before the bogus taste-test | Hunger before lunch was measured via a single question asking 'How hungry do you feel right now?'. Responses were measured via a 100-point visual analogue scale with anchors 'not at all' and 'extremely'. No directional hypothesis was made for this outcome. | Measured before the bogus taste-test (in second visit that took place 3 hours after the baseline visit) |
| Hunger after the bogus taste-test | Hunger before lunch was measured via a single question asking 'How hungry do you feel right now?'. Responses were measured via a 100-point visual analogue scale with anchors 'not at all' and 'extremely'. No directional hypothesis was made for this outcome. | Measured after the bogus taste-test (in second visit that took place 3 hours after the baseline visit) |
| 10.17605/OSF.IO/WYCKJ | Study Protocol | View IPD |
| D012816 |
| Signs and Symptoms |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D001522 | Behavior, Animal |
| D001519 | Behavior |