Esophageal stricture is one of the most common sequelae of caustic injury. Up to 70% of patients with grade IIB and more than 90% of patients with grade III injury are likely to develop esophageal stricture. Stricture formation can be prevented by suppressing fibrosis and scar formation therefore; many agents are explored for treatment on various models in this subject.

In spite of the multiple efforts to educate the public, Caustic ingestion maintains its place as an important public health issue due to the availability of caustic agents and the loose regulatory control on its production. All the cases will be evaluated by detailed history and thorough physical examination and necessary investigations. Patient's sheet will include; name, age, sex, occupation, residence, type of administrated substance, route and mode of exposure, symptoms and sighs (pain , vomiting , diarrhea) and any received treatment.

Inclusion Criteria:

-1- All the cases with the primary diagnosis of acute caustic injury will be included in the study.

2- Willing and able to comply with the study procedures and provide written informed consent to participate in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

• 1- Caustic substance ingested patient with any chronic disease. 2- Patients with history of congenital esophageal stricture. 3- Unable to provide informed consent. 4- Unlikely to return at 8 weeks. 5- Ingestion of substances other than corrosive (co-ingestion).

Cases diagnosed as acute corrosive toxicity which admitted to emergency unit Assiut University Hospital ,children university hospital and ministry of health hospitals in Assiut in duration of one year.