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In patients after myocardial infarction (MI) (heart attacks) and treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), the current standard is dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT), with aspirin and a P2Y12 receptor inhibitor, for 1 year of treatment. At 1 year, there are several options including: i) Ongoing DAPT (with aspirin and ticagrelor), ii) Selective treatment use of a P2Y12 inhibitor based on risk profiles.
This study is a pilot vanguard study to evaluate several strategies for choosing anti-platelet regimen among patients post MI and PCI at 1 year.
The present study is a pilot/vanguard 3-arm study that seeks to compare 3 possible strategies for patients that are 1 year post MI and PCI. The 3 randomized groups include: i) aspirin and ticagrelor 60 mg twice daily, ii) monotherapy with ticagrelor 60 mg twice daily and iii) a personalized arm (PA), where patients will get selective therapy based on demographic and genetic risks.
The PA group will use a modified DAPT score based on patient demographics to decide whether P2Y12 treatment is warranted. For those patients where treatment is warranted, a bedside genetic test will be used to determine whether they are carriers of at-risk genotypes, which put them at risk for under-responsiveness to clopidogrel (one of the specific P2Y12 inhibitors). Those identified as carriers will be treated with ticagrelor while non-carriers will be treated with clopidogrel.
The study will act as a vanguard study to prove feasibility of enrollment and document overall bleeding rates. The long-term goal of the study is determine whether a personalized approach will decrease bleeding versus an approach of DAPT with ticagrelor and versus an approach with ticagrelor monotherapy.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| DAPT - Aspirin and Ticagrelor | Active Comparator | As per results of the PEGASUS trial, patients will be treated with aspirin 81mg daily and ticagrelor 60mg twice daily |
|
| Ticagrelor Monotherapy | Experimental | Patients will only receive ticagrelor 60mg twice daily. |
|
| Personalized Therapy Arm | Experimental | Patients allocated to the personalized arm (PA) will have a DAPT score calculated. For those with a score of < 2, only aspirin at 81 mg daily will be prescribed. For those with a score of ≥ 2, P2Y12 inhibitor choice will be dependent on carrier status of CYP2C19 LOF alleles. Heterozygous or homozygous carriers will receive be prescribed ticagrelor 60mg twice daily and non-carriers with will be prescribed clopidogrel 75mg daily. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active Comparator: Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (DAPT) - Aspirin 81 mg + Ticagrelor 60mg twice daily | Drug | DAPT with aspirin and ticagrelor |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) Bleeding | BARC bleeding types 2,3 or 5 | 2 years post randomization |
| Feasibility for Patient Enrollment and Follow-up - measured by number of patients enrolled and followed over 2 years | Number of participants enrolled and followed: Target of 260 patients over 2 years with over 90% follow-up (Vanguard Study target) | 2 years |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) bleeding | Incidence of TIMI bleeding - major and minor | 1-3 years post randomization |
| Global Use of Strategies to Open Occluded Coronary Arteries (GUSTO) bleeding |
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Inclusion Criteria:
>50 years old at 1-year after myocardial infarction (non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) or ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI)) during which they had percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI)
Compliant with dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) for ≥ 1 year without an ischemic or bleeding complication after PCI
Still on DAPT regimen at enrollment
Patients must have 1 of the following atherothrombotic risk enrichment criteria:
i) Age≥ 65 years ii) Diabetes iii) 2nd Prior MI (>1 year ago) iv) multi-vessel coronary disease v) creatinine clearance (CrCl) <60 mL/min.
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Derek YF So, MD FRCPC | Ottawa Heart Institute Research Corporation | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| University of Ottawa Heart Institute | Ottawa | Ontario | K1Y4W7 | Canada |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25773268 | Background | Bonaca MP, Bhatt DL, Cohen M, Steg PG, Storey RF, Jensen EC, Magnani G, Bansilal S, Fish MP, Im K, Bengtsson O, Oude Ophuis T, Budaj A, Theroux P, Ruda M, Hamm C, Goto S, Spinar J, Nicolau JC, Kiss RG, Murphy SA, Wiviott SD, Held P, Braunwald E, Sabatine MS; PEGASUS-TIMI 54 Steering Committee and Investigators. Long-term use of ticagrelor in patients with prior myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2015 May 7;372(19):1791-800. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1500857. Epub 2015 Mar 14. | |
| 27022822 |
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Double (Investigator, Outcomes Assessor)
|
| Ticagrelor Monotherapy: Ticagrelor 60 mg twice daily | Drug | Ticagrelor monotherapy |
|
|
| Personalized Therapy Arm: Aspirin 81 mg or Ticagrelor 60mg twice daily or Clopidogrel 75 mg once daily | Drug | Personalized therapy based on risk score and genotyping |
|
|
Incidence of GUSTO bleeding - severe, moderate, mild
| 1-3 years post randomization |
| All Cause Mortality | Death due to any cause | 1 - 3 years post randomization |
| Cardiovascular Mortality | Death due to cardiovascular cause | 1 -3 years post randomization |
| Myocardial Infarction | Myocardial infarction as defined by the 3rd universal definition on infarction | 1 -3 years post randomization |
| Stroke | Strokes defined as focal neurological deficit of >24 hrs and confirmed by imaging | 1-3 years |
| Stent Thrombosis | Probable and definite stent thrombosis per ARC definition | 1 - 3 years post randomization |
| Background |
| Yeh RW, Secemsky EA, Kereiakes DJ, Normand SL, Gershlick AH, Cohen DJ, Spertus JA, Steg PG, Cutlip DE, Rinaldi MJ, Camenzind E, Wijns W, Apruzzese PK, Song Y, Massaro JM, Mauri L; DAPT Study Investigators. Development and Validation of a Prediction Rule for Benefit and Harm of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Beyond 1 Year After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention. JAMA. 2016 Apr 26;315(16):1735-49. doi: 10.1001/jama.2016.3775. |
| 27026020 | Background | Levine GN, Bates ER, Bittl JA, Brindis RG, Fihn SD, Fleisher LA, Granger CB, Lange RA, Mack MJ, Mauri L, Mehran R, Mukherjee D, Newby LK, O'Gara PT, Sabatine MS, Smith PK, Smith SC Jr. 2016 ACC/AHA Guideline Focused Update on Duration of Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guidelines: An Update of the 2011 ACCF/AHA/SCAI Guideline for Percutaneous Coronary Intervention, 2011 ACCF/AHA Guideline for Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery, 2012 ACC/AHA/ACP/AATS/PCNA/SCAI/STS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Patients With Stable Ischemic Heart Disease, 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction, 2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Non-ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes, and 2014 ACC/AHA Guideline on Perioperative Cardiovascular Evaluation and Management of Patients Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery. Circulation. 2016 Sep 6;134(10):e123-55. doi: 10.1161/CIR.0000000000000404. Epub 2016 Mar 29. No abstract available. |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003324 | Coronary Artery Disease |
| D009203 | Myocardial Infarction |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D003327 | Coronary Disease |
| D017202 | Myocardial Ischemia |
| D006331 | Heart Diseases |
| D002318 | Cardiovascular Diseases |
| D001161 | Arteriosclerosis |
| D001157 | Arterial Occlusive Diseases |
| D014652 | Vascular Diseases |
| D007238 | Infarction |
| D007511 | Ischemia |
| D010335 | Pathologic Processes |
| D013568 | Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms |
| D009336 | Necrosis |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C028145 | 2'-deoxythymidylyl-(3'-5')-2'-deoxyadenosine |
| D001241 | Aspirin |
| D000077486 | Ticagrelor |
| D000077144 | Clopidogrel |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D012459 | Salicylates |
| D062385 | Hydroxybenzoates |
| D010636 | Phenols |
| D001555 | Benzene Derivatives |
| D006841 | Hydrocarbons, Aromatic |
| D006844 | Hydrocarbons, Cyclic |
| D006838 | Hydrocarbons |
| D009930 | Organic Chemicals |
| D000241 | Adenosine |
| D011684 | Purine Nucleosides |
| D011687 | Purines |
| D006574 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring |
| D000072471 | Heterocyclic Compounds, Fused-Ring |
| D006571 | Heterocyclic Compounds |
| D009705 | Nucleosides |
| D009706 | Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides |
| D012263 | Ribonucleosides |
| D013988 | Ticlopidine |
| D058924 | Thienopyridines |
| D013876 | Thiophenes |
| D013457 | Sulfur Compounds |
| D011725 | Pyridines |
| D006573 | Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring |
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