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This research is being done to learn more about whether or not Korean American women will improve the screening practices for breast and cervical cancer if subjects receive education and follow-up from community health workers. The education materials may be given via online or in-person. Primary Hypothesis: e-CHEC-uP will be as efficacious as the original CHEC-uP in promoting mammogram and Pap test screening among Korean immigrant women (KIW) at 6 months.
Objectives: (1) To develop a web-based platform of the health literacy education component of the original CHEC-uP intervention; (2) To evaluate the acceptability and usability of the web version of the health literacy education in a user testing sample of 10 KIW; and (3) To conduct a pilot study to test the preliminary efficacy of the web version of CHEC-uP (e-CHEC-uP) in 40 KIW.
e-CHEC-uP stands for e-Community based breast and cervical cancer control education program.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| e-CHEC-uP | Experimental | Group 1 will receive the education study intervention after the first baseline questionnaire. Participants will be asked to take part in a one-time, 1 to 1.5-hour online education on breast and cervical cancer prevention followed by monthly phone calls and navigation assistance by a community health worker to help address any barriers in order to help receive a mammogram or a Pap test. |
|
| CHEC-uP | Active Comparator | Group 2 will receive a similar education intervention but the education is offered face-to-face instead. Participants will be asked to take part in a one-time, 1 to 1.5-hour face-to-face education on breast and cervical cancer prevention followed by monthly phone calls and navigation assistance by a community health worker. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| e-CHEC-uP | Behavioral | One time online-based education about breast and cervical cancer screening procedures followed by phone counseling by trained community health worker over 6 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Age-appropriate mammogram screening test | Patient medical records will be reviewed to confirm the receipt of mammogram and whether the age at which it was received is "appropriate". According to the American Cancer Society (ACS), Mammograms received from ages 40 to 54 years (annual screening) and from ages 55 years onward (biennial screening) will be deemed appropriate. It is optional to continue annual screening after age 54 years based on a woman's choice. The investigators will compare the proportion of women in each group (e-CHEC-uP intervention vs. CHEC-uP) who completed mammogram at 6 months. | 6 months |
| Age-appropriate Pap screening test | Patient medical records will be reviewed to confirm the receipt of Pap test and whether the age at which it was received is "appropriate". According to the American Cancer Society (ACS), Pap tests received from ages 21 to 65 years once every 3 years will be deemed appropriate. The investigators will compare the proportion of women in each group (e-CHEC-uP intervention vs. CHEC-uP) who completed Pap test at 6 months. | 6 months |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Health Literacy as assessed by a 49-item instrument | Scoring of the health literacy instrument is in such a way that each correct response will be coded as 1 whereas incorrect response will be coded as 0. Total scores can range from 0 to 49 with higher scores indicating higher health literacy. | 6 months |
| Breast Cancer knowledge as assessed by a 25-item instrument |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
self-identified as a Korean American woman
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Hae-Ra Han, PhD, RN | Johns Hopkins University | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Johns Hopkins University | Baltimore | Maryland | 21205 | United States |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25315598 | Background | Han HR, Huh B, Kim MT, Kim J, Nguyen T. Development and validation of the assessment of health literacy in breast and cervical cancer screening. J Health Commun. 2014;19 Suppl 2(0 2):267-84. doi: 10.1080/10810730.2014.936569. | |
| 16150010 | Background | Park S, Chang S, Chung C. Effects of a cognition-emotion focused program to increase public participation in Papanicolaou smear screening. Public Health Nurs. 2005 Jul-Aug;22(4):289-98. doi: 10.1111/j.0737-1209.2005.220404.x. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D001943 | Breast Neoplasms |
| D002583 | Uterine Cervical Neoplasms |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D009371 | Neoplasms by Site |
| D009369 | Neoplasms |
| D001941 | Breast Diseases |
| D012871 | Skin Diseases |
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| CHEC-uP | Behavioral | One time face-to-face education about breast and cervical cancer screening procedures followed by phone counseling by trained community health worker over 6 months |
|
Scoring of the breast cancer knowledge instrument is in such a way that each correct response will be coded as 1 whereas incorrect response will be coded as 0. Total scores for breast cancer knowledge will range from 0 to 25. Higher scores indicate higher breast cancer knowledge. |
| 6 months |
| Cervical Cancer knowledge as assessed by 10-item instrument | Scoring of the cervical cancer knowledge instrument is in such a way that each correct response will be coded as 1 whereas incorrect response will be coded as 0. Total scores for cervical cancer knowledge will range from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate higher cervical cancer knowledge. | 6 months |
| Cancer screening-related self-efficacy as assessed by 8-item scale | Scoring of the cancer screening-related self-efficacy is to assess one's belief about ability to get cancer screening. The 8-item scale (developed by the study team) scoring ranges from "not at all confident" coded as 1 to "very confident" coded as 4 for each item. Total scores will range from 8 to 32 with higher scores indicating higher self-efficacy. | 6 months |
| 2363955 | Background | McCance KL, Mooney KH, Smith KR, Field R. Validity and reliability of a breast cancer knowledge test. Am J Prev Med. 1990 Mar-Apr;6(2):93-8. |
| 34255658 | Derived | Hwang DA, Lee A, Song JM, Han HR. Recruitment and Retention Strategies Among Racial and Ethnic Minorities in Web-Based Intervention Trials: Retrospective Qualitative Analysis. J Med Internet Res. 2021 Jul 12;23(7):e23959. doi: 10.2196/23959. |
| D017437 |
| Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases |
| D014594 | Uterine Neoplasms |
| D005833 | Genital Neoplasms, Female |
| D014565 | Urogenital Neoplasms |
| D002577 | Uterine Cervical Diseases |
| D014591 | Uterine Diseases |
| D005831 | Genital Diseases, Female |
| D052776 | Female Urogenital Diseases |
| D005261 | Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications |
| D000091642 | Urogenital Diseases |
| D000091662 | Genital Diseases |