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A phase IV, randomized, double-blind, single center pilot study in subjects with type 2 diabetes poorly controlled with metformin therapy will be randomized to receive, on top of metformin: saxagliptin (5 mg/day) and dapagliflozin (10 mg/day) (Group 1);saxagliptin (5 mg/day) and placebo (Group 2); dapagliflozin (10 mg/day) and placebo (Group 3) for 4 weeks.
Dapagliflozin (Forxiga) currently is approved for the treatment of T2DM (6). Dapagliflozin inhibits SGLT2, promote the excretion of 80-90 grams of glucose per day in the urine, and lower the plasma glucose concentration. This class of drugs has been shown to effectively reduce the HbA1c at all stages of T2DM and can be used in combination of all other anti-diabetic agents including insulin.
Saxagliptin is a highly potent DPP4 inhibitor.In patients with type 2 diabetes, administration of saxagliptin led to inhibition of DPP4 enzyme activity for a 24-hour period.After an oral glucose load,this DPP4 inhibition resulted in a 2- to 3-fold increase in circulating levels of active incretin hormones, including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), decreased glucagon concentrations and increased glucose-dependent beta-cell responsiveness, which resulted in higher insulin and C-peptide concentrations.The rise in insulin from pancreatic beta-cells and the decrease in glucagon from pancreatic alpha-cells were associated with lower fasting glucose concentrations and reduced glucose excursion following an oral glucose load or a meal.Saxagliptin improves glycaemic control by reducing fasting and postprandial glucose concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dapagliflozin 10mg | Active Comparator | Dapagliflozin inhibits SGLT2 promoting the excretion of glucose in the urine,and lowers the plasma glucose concentration. This class of drugs has been shown to effectively reduce the HbA1c at all stages of T2DM and can be used in combination of all other anti-diabetic agents including insulin. |
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| Saxagliptin 5mg | Active Comparator | Saxagliptin is a DPP4 inhibitor.In patients with type 2 diabetes,administration of saxagliptin led to inhibition of DPP4 enzyme activity.After an oral glucose load,this DPP4 inhibition resulted in a increase in circulating levels of active incretin hormones include GLP-1 and GIP, decreased glucagon concentrations and increased glucose-dependent beta-cell responsiveness,which resulted in higher insulin and C-peptide concentrations.The rise in insulin from pancreatic beta-cells and the decrease in glucagon from pancreatic alpha-cells were associated with lower fasting glucose concentrations and reduced glucose excursion following an oral glucose load or a meal.Saxagliptin improves glycaemic control by reducing fasting and postprandial glucose concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes. |
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| Saxagliptin 5 mg + dapagliflozin 10 mg | Active Comparator | Please see Arm 1 and 2 |
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dapagliflozin 10mg | Drug | Dapagliflozin inhibits subtype 2 of the sodium-glucose transport proteins (SGLT2) which are responsible for at least 90% of the glucose reabsorption in the kidney. Blocking this transporter mechanism causes blood glucose to be eliminated through the urine.[](streamdown:incomplete-link) |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Glucose Metabolism | To determine the effect of the combination of dapagliflozin (a SGLT2-inhibitor) and saxagliptin (a DPP-4 inhibitor) on pancreatic hormones secretion and endogenous glucose production in Type 2 diabetic subjects through comparison of the effects of co-administration of Saxagliptin and Dapagliflozin vs. Saxagliptin or Dapagliflozin alone. | from first day |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Stefano Del prato | University of Pisa | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Pisa | Pisa | 56124 | Italy |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| C529054 | dapagliflozin |
| C502994 | saxagliptin |
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| Saxagliptin 5mg | Drug | Inhibits DPP-4 and slows inactivation of incretin hormones, thereby increasing blood concentrations and reducing fasting and postprandial glucose concentrations in a glucose-dependent manner in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus |
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| Saxagliptin 5mg + Dapagliflozin 10 mg | Drug | Please see Intervention 1 and 2 |
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