Work has already been published by other groups

The purpose of this investigator-initiated study is to investigate the efficacy and costs of direct full stage sacral neuromodulation in patients with overactive bladder. Patients with refractory OAB and urge urinary incontinence will undergo direct full stage implantation and be followed for a period of 6 months to monitor symptom improvement with voiding diaries and validated questionnaires preoperatively and postoperatively. Therapeutic and adverse outcomes will be evaluated. The use of medical resources and time off of work will be analyzed as well. This will be a descriptive study with no additional arms or randomization.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients >18 years of age
• Female gender
• Refractory overactive bladder: wet failing treatment with two or more anticholinergic and/or beta-3 agonist agents
• Willing to stop treatment with anticholingeric and/or beta-3 agonist agents during the study period (2 week washout period preoperatively and 6 months postoperative)
• Willing and able to complete study questionnaires, use Medtronic device programmer, return for scheduled follow-up appointments
• Surgical candidate able to hold antiplatelet or anticoagulation prior to surgery
• Health insurance provider that will cover full-stage implantation

Exclusion Criteria:

• Age <18
• Pregnant or planning to become pregnant
• Male gender
• Unable or unwilling to stop anticholingeric and/or beta-3 agonist agents during the study period
• Treatment with botulinum toxin within last 6 months
• Recent surgery for stress urinary incontinence or pelvic organ prolapse within last 6 months
• Severe pelvic organ prolapse
• Post-void residual >150 ml
• Symptomatic or recurrent urinary tract infection
• Neurologic disorders: cerebrovascular accident with neurologic deficits, Parkinson's, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, significant peripheral neuropathy
• Cognitive disorders, e.g. dementia
• Interstitial cystitis or chronic pelvic pain syndrome
• Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus (HbA1c >10%)
• History of bladder malignancy, pelvic radiation, urinary retention requiring catheterization
• Anticipated or known need for MRI at the trunk
• History of or anticipated surgery at the lower back
• Unable to hold antiplatelet or anticoagulation prior to surgery
• Life expectancy <1 year

Female

Patients with refractory overactive bladder and urge urinary incontinence undergoing direct full stage implantation.