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The investigators intented to assess the prevalence of acute injuries in amateur and elite mountain bikers.
In order to assess the prevalence of acute injuries in amateur and elite mountain bikers a questionnaire was created in accordance to existing literature. The questionnaire was translated in several languages by bilingual people familiar with mountain biking. The questionnaire focussed on demographic data, training volume, number of races per year, number of injuries since practising mountain biking, wearing of protective gear items and accident mechanism. The survey was conducted during the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event in 2017. All riders were asked to voluntarily participate in the survey.
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| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| no intervention | Other | no intervention |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Prevalence of Injuries in Amateur and Elite Mountain Bikers | In a retrospective questionnaire participants were asked about the "Number of injuries obtained during mountain biking". | At study enrollment, based on participants' self-reported history of mountain bike injuries |
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Training and Racing Volume | In a retrospective questionnaire the participants were asked "How many races per year" they ride and whats their "Estimated training hours per week in regard to the season". The number of races per year was multiplied by the factor 4 to transform the number of races into training hours. Then, both values were added to get the training volume per year. | At study enrollment, based on participants' retrospective self-report of the number of races per year and estimated training hours per week |
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Inclusion Criteria:
Exclusion Criteria:
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The investigators included all mountain bikers participating in the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event in 2017, who agreed to attend in the survey.
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| Name | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Ron Clijsen, PhD | University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland SUPSI | Principal Investigator |
| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SUPSI | Landquart | Kanton Graubünden | CH-7302 | Switzerland |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31191089 | Result | Stoop R, Hohenauer E, Vetsch T, Deliens T, Clijsen R. Acute Injuries in Male Elite and Amateur Mountain Bikers: Results of a Survey. J Sports Sci Med. 2019 Jun 1;18(2):207-212. eCollection 2019 Jun. |
| Label | URL |
|---|---|
| fullversion of publication | View source |
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To assess eligibile data, incomplete data sets in terms of gender, age, riding level and injury reporting were excluded. In a next step, due to the low number of female respondents, female participants were excluded to ensure comparability and homogeneity of the data.
At the 2017 Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event in Valais, riders completed a retrospective survey on bike-related injuries. 99 returned questionnaires were eligible for injury prevalence analysis. For the detailed analysis, 29 riders without injuries and 14 questionnaires with missing data were removed. Ultimately, 56 participants were included in the final analysis.
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| FG000 | Elite Mountain Bikers | A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as semi-professional or professional in a questionnaire. |
| FG001 | Amateur Mountain Bikers | A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as recreational or amateur in a questionnaire. |
| Title | Milestones | Reasons Not Completed | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall Study |
|
|
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| ID | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|
| BG000 | Elite Mountain Bikers | A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as semi-professional or professional in a questionnaire. |
| BG001 | Amateur Mountain Bikers |
| Units | Counts |
|---|---|
| Participants |
|
| Title | Description | Population Description | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Denominator Units Selected | Denominators | Classes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, Continuous | Mean |
| Type | Title | Description | Population Description | Reporting Status | Anticipated Posting Date | Parameter Type | Dispersion Type | Unit of Measure | Calculate Percentage | Time Frame | Units Analyzed | Denominator Units Selected | Arm/Group Information | Denominators | Classes | Analyses | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary | Prevalence of Injuries in Amateur and Elite Mountain Bikers | In a retrospective questionnaire participants were asked about the "Number of injuries obtained during mountain biking". | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | Number of injuries | At study enrollment, based on participants' self-reported history of mountain bike injuries |
|
Retrospective; events occurring prior to questionnaire completion
Data was generated through a retrospective questionnaire, participants were not assessed for adverse events.
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| ID | Title | Description | Deaths (Affected) | Deaths (At Risk) | Serious Events (Affected) | Serious Events (At Risk) | Other Events (Affected) | Other Events (At Risk) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EG000 | Elite Mountain Bikers | A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as semi-professional or professional in a questionnaire. |
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| Title | Organization | Phone | Extension | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dr Ron Clijsen | Rehabilitation Research Laboratory, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI) | 0041 81 300 01 78 | ron.clijsen@supsi.ch |
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| Type | Includes Protocol | Includes SAP | Includes ICF | Document Label | Document Date | Document Uploaded Date | Document File Name |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prot_SAP | Yes | Yes | No | Study Protocol and Statistical Analysis Plan | Jul 4, 2017 | Aug 21, 2025 | Prot_SAP_000.pdf |
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| Years Practising Mountain Biking | In a retrospective questionnaire participants were asked "Since how many years do you participate in mountain biking?". | At study enrollment, based on participants' self-reported history of mountain bike participation |
| Amount of Protective Gear Items | In a retrospective questionnaire participants were asked to tick the protective gear (helment, gloves, eveywear, upper armour, lower armout, other) they are using for mountain biking. | At study enrollment, based on participants' retrospective self-report of protective gear use |
| Injury Rate Per 1000hrs Exposure Time | The injury rate per 1000 hours exposure time was calculated as follows: the hours of exposure time per year were multiplied by the number of years practicing mountain biking to get the total hours at risk. Then, the total amount of injuries ever was divided by the total hours at risk, multiplied by 1000 hours to get the injury rate per 1000 hours of exposure time. | At study enrollment, based on participants' self-reported history of mountain bike participation |
A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as recreational or amateur in a questionnaire.
| BG002 | Total | Total of all reporting groups |
| years |
|
| Sex: Female, Male | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Race and Ethnicity Not Collected | Race and Ethnicity were not collected from any participant. | Count of Participants | Participants |
|
| Region of Enrollment | Number | participants |
|
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| Secondary | Training and Racing Volume | In a retrospective questionnaire the participants were asked "How many races per year" they ride and whats their "Estimated training hours per week in regard to the season". The number of races per year was multiplied by the factor 4 to transform the number of races into training hours. Then, both values were added to get the training volume per year. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | hours per year | At study enrollment, based on participants' retrospective self-report of the number of races per year and estimated training hours per week |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Years Practising Mountain Biking | In a retrospective questionnaire participants were asked "Since how many years do you participate in mountain biking?". | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | years | At study enrollment, based on participants' self-reported history of mountain bike participation |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Amount of Protective Gear Items | In a retrospective questionnaire participants were asked to tick the protective gear (helment, gloves, eveywear, upper armour, lower armout, other) they are using for mountain biking. | Posted | Mean | Standard Deviation | amount of worn protective gear items | At study enrollment, based on participants' retrospective self-report of protective gear use |
|
|
|
| Secondary | Injury Rate Per 1000hrs Exposure Time | The injury rate per 1000 hours exposure time was calculated as follows: the hours of exposure time per year were multiplied by the number of years practicing mountain biking to get the total hours at risk. Then, the total amount of injuries ever was divided by the total hours at risk, multiplied by 1000 hours to get the injury rate per 1000 hours of exposure time. | Posted | Number | injuries per 1000hrs exposure time | At study enrollment, based on participants' self-reported history of mountain bike participation |
|
|
|
| 0 |
| 0 |
| 0 |
| 0 |
| 0 |
| 0 |
| EG001 | Amateur Mountain Bikers | A group of mountain bikers, attending the Swiss Epic Mountain Bike Event 2017, self-reported their riding level as recreational or amateur in a questionnaire. | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
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