Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Vascular dementia (VaD) have become common diseases in the elderly. The burden of dementia is rising in China, with major medical, social and economic impacts. To address this important public health problem, cohort study on elderly cognitive disorders should be carry out. The methods of early prevention, early diagnosis and early treatment the cognitive disorders in elderly should be found to reduce the burden of the social and economic issue due to dementia. At present, the international corresponding guidelines have taken gene and brain imaging biomarkers as important indicators of dementia pathogenesis research, accurate diagnosis and targeted intervention. Based on the above understanding, the study carry out the population cohort study based on accurate diagnosis and construct the high standard information and sample bank. The study will establish the standard and quality system of geriatric cognitive disorders cohort study (unified standards and norms). The study will integrate the standard biological samples stratified acquisition function module (homogeneity and precision) of elderly cognitive disorders, and complete the construction of biological samples bank and clinical diagnosis and treatment information database. The study will apply and develop brain structural and pathological imaging technology to support precision diagnosis of senile cognitive disorders. The study will evaluate whether peripheral nerve degeneration can predict central nervous system degeneration based on the large cohort of elderly study. In addition, The study will make an effective supplement the sample bank construction of Shanghai Mental Health Center.

The neuropsychological test battery are used to access the cognitive function of subjects in the study. The brain MRI and biochemical examination will be done in the screening period. The samples such as plasma, serum, urine and faeces et al. of the subjects will be collected in the study.

Inclusion Criteria:

• registered residents in the community;
• ≥ 60 years;
• without schizophrenia or mental retardation;
• be able to communicate and accept physical and cognitive examinations

Exclusion Criteria:

• blind
• deaf mute

10,000 adult Chinese aged 60 and up who have been living Shanghai will be recruited.