A group of participants assigned to a pharmaceutical intervention

A group of participants assigned to a control (routine therapy)

1. Medication education: When the patient is enrolled in the intervention group, pharmacists issue an education manual to give a medical education which contains the reasons for using NOACs, the characteristics of the drug, the precautions, and how to monitor the efficacy. Pharmacists re-educate through telephone or clinic during follow-up.
2. Establish a medical record and remind their follow-up by message, phone every 2 weeks.
3. Follow-up in the 4th week and 8th week : Pharmacists recommend patients for drug therapy optimization after conducting a full pharmacotherapy review of each patient's medication regimen and remind them to test urinary occult blood every 1-3 months, detect hemoglobin and liver/kidney function every 3-6 months.

The Morisky, Green, and Levine Adherence Scale (MGLS) was used to evaluate the medication compliance of dabigatran etexilate and rivaroxaban during treatment. According to the scores of MGLS, compliance was divided into three groups: A score of 0 indicated high compliance; a score of 1 or 2 illustrated intermediate compliance; and a score of 3 or 4 indicated low compliance.

Mental status is assessed by Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS).

The threshold value of depression assessment was 53, the higher the score, the more obvious the tendency of depression. 53-62 is defined as mild depression, 63-72 for moderate depression, 72 points above for severe depression.

The standard score of SAS was 50, of which 50-59 is mild anxiety, 60-69 is moderate anxiety and 69 is severe anxiety. The patient's awareness of medication is assessed by a self-designed awareness questionnaire.

Anti-Xa/IIa activity test is divided into peak concentration and valley concentration detection; peak concentration is 100 ng/ml as the critical value, Valley concentration is 50 ng/ml as the limit, divided into better or poor pharmacodynamic indicators. patients with peak concentration > 100 ng/ml or valley concentration > 50 ng/ml are defined as better pharmacodynamic indicators.