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The objective of the study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of umbilical cord milking as compared with immediate cord clamping on placental transfusion, estimated by Δ hematocrit between cord blood at birth and capillary heel hematocrit at 48 hours of age, in elective cesarean delivered neonates.
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| Label | Type | Description | Intervention Names |
|---|---|---|---|
| immediate cord clamping | Tthe umbilical cord of neonates was cut and clamped. |
| |
| umbilical cord milking. | Tthe umbilical cord of neonates was milked. |
|
| Name | Type | Description | Arm Group Labels | Other Names |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Umbilical cord milking | Procedure | The babies were held at the level of the placenta, while the umbilical cord was milked or cut and clamped. |
|
| Measure | Description | Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
| Placental transfusion | Δ hematocrit between cord blood at birth and capillary heel hematocrit at 48 hours of age | 48 hours |
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Inclusion Criteria: singleton low risk pregnancy, gestational age of 39 to 40/0 weeks confirmed by a first trimester ultrasound, no evidence of active labor, 18 years of age, and (5) a written consent given by the woman.
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Exclusion Criteria:maternal medical and obstetric complications, severe anemia, clotting disorders and suspected intrauterine growth restriction
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All women who presented for an elective cesarean section were screened for eligibility.
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| Facility | Status | City | State | ZIP | Country | Contacts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Policlinico Abano Terme | Abano Terme | Italy |
| PubMed Identifier | Type | Citation | Retractions |
|---|---|---|---|
| 31600796 | Derived | Zanardo V, Guerrini P, Severino L, Simbi A, Parotto M, Straface G. A Randomized Controlled Trial of Intact Cord Milking versus Immediate Cord Clamping in Term Infants Born by Elective Cesarean Section. Am J Perinatol. 2021 Mar;38(4):392-397. doi: 10.1055/s-0039-1697673. Epub 2019 Oct 10. |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D005330 | Fetofetal Transfusion |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000751 | Anemia, Neonatal |
| D000740 | Anemia |
| D006402 | Hematologic Diseases |
| D006425 | Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases |
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| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D000087526 | Umbilical Cord Clamping |
| ID | Term |
|---|---|
| D036861 | Delivery, Obstetric |
| D013513 | Obstetric Surgical Procedures |
| D013514 | Surgical Procedures, Operative |
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After the infant was delivered, the obstetrician either immediately clamped and cut the cord or initiated the milking protocol intervention, near the cord insertion site on the placenta towards the infant, three times before clamping.
|
| D007232 |
| Infant, Newborn, Diseases |
| D009358 | Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities |