Enteral Nutrition Infusion Rate and Gastric Function

ANTERO-3: The Impact of Enteral Nutrition Infusion Rate on Gastric Motility and Gastric Emptying Rate, Measured With the VIPUN Balloon Catheter, Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the 13C-octanoate Breath Test.

A complex neurohumoral feedback mechanism regulates gastric emptying of enteral nutrition through changes in gastric motility. In this investigation, we aim to investigate the impact of different infusion rates of enteral nutrition on gastric motility, gastric emptying rate, epigastric symptoms and satiation.

Additionally, magnetic resonance imaging will be used to validate an extended 13C-octanoate breath test for gastric emptying of a liquid test meal that is infused over 2 hours. Furthermore, the reliability of a manual position check of the VIPUN Balloon catheter will be confirmed with radiographic imaging. Finally, the data will be used for the data driven optimization of the VIPUN MI algorithm.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Signed Informed Consent
• At least 18 years old
• BMI between and including 18 and 30
• Understand and able to read Dutch
• In good health on the basis of medical history
• Female subjects of childbearing potential are willing to use adequate contraception
• Refrains from herbal, vitamin and other dietary supplements on the day of the visits

Exclusion Criteria:

• Dyspeptic symptoms (assessed with PAGI-SYM questionnaire)
• Using any medication that might affect gastric function or visceral sensitivity
• Known / suspected current use of illicit drugs
• Known psychiatric or neurological illness
• Any gastrointestinal surgery that could influence normal gastric function in the opinion of the investigator
• History of heart or vascular diseases like irregular heartbeats, angina or heart attack
• Nasopharyngeal surgery in the last 30 days
• History of thermal or chemical injury to upper respiratory tract or esophagus
• Current esophageal or nasopharyngeal obstruction
• Known coagulopathy
• Known esophageal varices
• Metal or other MRI incompatible implants
• Contra-indications for MR (checked by MR safety questionnaire)
• Pregnancy
• Claustrophobia
• Have a known allergy or intolerance to cow milk, soy, saccharose or any other ingredient of Isosource Standard.