To evaluate the effect of fumigation in conjunction with acupuncture for knee osteoarthritis, participators were collected from acupuncture and Chinese traumatology clinic at Linsen Chinese Medicine and Kunming Branch, Taipei City Hospital. Participators were randomized into 3 groups, one for acupuncture with fumigation, one for acupuncture with diluted fumigation, one for acupuncture only.

Patient population. Between June 2015 and November 2017, research subjects were recruited via poster display and clinician referral, to participate in a three-armed, randomized, controlled trial to be conducted in the Traumatology Department Linsen Chinese Medicine and Kunming Branch, Taipei City Hospital.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Osteoarthritis of knee diagnosed by X-ray films
• According Ahlbäck System, more than stage1
• The Visual Analogue Scale of pain over 20mm in 100mm

Exclusion Criteria:

• The Visual Analogue Scale of pain less than 20mm in 100mm
• Received injection or scope treatment over knees
• Received more than 3 times of operation
• With severe inflammation (including fever, fluid, pus, gout, Rheumatic arthritis, etc.)
• With sever systemic diseases (including metastatic cancer, coronary artery disease, lung disease, etc.)
• With history of skin problem after other thermal treatment
• Under other experiments
• Women with pregnant, breastfeeding or prepare for pregnancy