Ultrasound-Guided Vascular Puncture and Catheterization

Ultrasound-Guided Vascular Puncture and Catheterization

To assess and improve the safety and success rate of vascular puncture and catheterization using ultrasound-guided methods.

Investigators hypothesized that （1） various ultrasound-guided methods had different performances of vascular puncture and catheterization, (2) certain risk factors influenced safety and success rate of vascular puncture and catheterization (3) implementation of protocols could improve the performances of ultrasound-guided vascular puncture and catheterization.

Inclusion Criteria:

• Age above 18 years old.
• Scheduled for selective surgery.
• Requirement of perioperative vascular puncture and catheterization.
• American standard of anesthesia level I-IV.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Contraindication to vascular puncture or catheterization.
• Occlusion or thrombosis of target vessel evaluated by ultrasound.
• Refuse or disagreement from participants.